Knoema.com - Research and Development http://knoema.es 2024-02-05T10:34:53Z /favicon.png Knoema es su Autopista personal hacia el conocimiento Patent Development with International Collabration //knoema.es/chnzqte/patent-development-with-international-collabration 2024-02-05T10:34:53Z Balaji S knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000220
Patent Development with International Collabration

Balaji S knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000220
IPR Strategies | Patents as a Leading Indicator of Company's Market Performance //knoema.es/dogpphg/ipr-strategies-patents-as-a-leading-indicator-of-company-s-market-performance 2021-04-23T09:15:04Z Nikolai Kuznetsov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/6481950
IPR Strategies | Patents as a Leading Indicator of Company's Market Performance

(17 March 2020) By the time a commercial product is launched on the market, it has already been patented for several years. Since innovative companies are more successful in the market, patent data can be a key indicator of innovation activity and therefore of market performance. According to IPR Strategies, patent shares perform better than an index. Analyses of equal-weighted MSCI World Index shares overall compared with Patent shares (the top 30%, by patent leverage, of MSCI World Index shares with significant patent value) have shown that using patent data generates significant added value for share selection. IPR Strategies' patent data can also provide indicators of changing ESG performance, helping to reveal companies’ ability to offer sustainable products and technologies in the future. The MSCI ESG ratings measure resilience to long-term, industry material environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks. Approximately 36% of all listed companies own ESG-related patents. Surprisingly, ESG-related patents’ average value is higher than that of patents overall; it is also increasing, in contrast to the value of non-sustainable patents. The scoring of sustainable patents can also be broken down according to individual UN SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). 

Nikolai Kuznetsov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/6481950
Trademark Registrations by Country //knoema.es/aqfwerf/trademark-registrations-by-country 2019-12-29T14:42:35Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Trademark Registrations by Country

"A trade mark may consist of any signs capable of being represented graphically, particularly words, including personal names, designs, letters, numerals, the shape of goods or of their packaging, provided that such signs are capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings." (Article 2, Directive 2008/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council). Community Trademark is a trademark registered in Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM), the head of European unified trademark registration system which provides protection within all the EU 28 member states. Source: Community trade mark (CTM) registrations

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Charges for the use of intellectual property by Country: Data and Charts //knoema.es/pespnge/charges-for-the-use-of-intellectual-property-by-country-data-and-charts 2019-08-02T20:16:58Z Misha Gusev knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000560
Charges for the use of intellectual property by Country: Data and Charts

Royalty payments and receipts (US$)

Misha Gusev knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000560
R&D Expenditure by Industrial Sectors //knoema.es/cyudzeb/r-d-expenditure-by-industrial-sectors 2019-08-02T14:35:58Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Expenditure by Industrial Sectors

The data shows the sectoral distribution of world's top 2500 companies that invested €607.2 billion in R&D as of 2014 - representing about 90% of the total expenditure on R&D by business worldwide. The sample contains 608 companies based in the EU, 829 companies based in the US, 360 in Japan and 703 from the rest of the world.

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Patent Applications by Residents/Nonresidents //knoema.es/cvkqxzc/patent-applications-by-residents-nonresidents 2019-04-23T22:46:17Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Patent Applications by Residents/Nonresidents

Patent data cover applications and grants classified by field of technology filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention. An invention is defined as a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Resident patent applications are those for which the first-named applicant or assignee is a resident of the state or region concerned. Non-resident patent applications are from applicants outside the relevant state or region.

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Oil and Gas IP Summit //knoema.es/jpdgzf/oil-and-gas-ip-summit 2019-01-24T14:05:07Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Oil and Gas IP Summit

Oil & Gas IP 2019 has been put together with the aim of helping to measure innovation in the sector and understand where value lies so that participants might develop strategies to drive their companies through the next twelve to eighteen months. Agenda of the conference includes discussions about world politics influence on oil and gas market, digital and ecological trends.     Date: 26-27 February 2019

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Global Competitiveness //knoema.es/clwiine/global-competitiveness 2018-09-27T11:43:12Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Global Competitiveness

The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI)  is a global study on the basis of which ranking of countries in terms of economic competitiveness in the world is formed. The World Economic Forum defines competitiveness as the ability of the country and its institutions to ensure stable economic growth, which would be stable in the medium term. GCI is determined by numerous and very diverse factors which were divided into three subindexes: Basic requirements, Efficiency enhancers, Innovation and sophistication factors. The index is composed of 12 pillars of competitiveness. They are Institutions, Infrastructure, Macroeconomic Stability, Health and Primary Education, Higher Education and Training, Goods Market Efficiency, Labour Market Efficiency, Financial Market Sophistication, Technological Readiness, Market Size, Business Sophistication, Innovation.  According to overall index, Switzerland is the most competitive country in the world retaining leading position since 2008 after it outpaced United States which, in turn, worsened its position and moved from the first to the third place over the same period. While competitiveness is positively related to the wealth of the nation expressed through the GDP per capita, the relation between competitiveness and happiness seems to follow negative square pattern: middle level of competitiveness corresponds to the highest level of happiness. Along with the index characterizing country's economic competitiveness (the Global Competitiveness Index) there are indexes assessing country's performance in innovation sphere and its subdivisions (Innovation Union Scoreboard, Knowledge Economy Index, Global Innovation Index). 

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Innovation Union Scoreboard //knoema.es/uotqpob/innovation-union-scoreboard 2017-07-19T14:08:10Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Innovation Union Scoreboard

Innovation Union Scoreboard (IUS) Index assesses 27 European countries on how do they perform in innovation sphere and its subdivisions. By monitoring innovation progress across the EU27 member countries, as well as Iceland, Croatia, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia IUS attempts to build strong base to policy discussions and decisions at EU and national level. Measurement framework of IUS embraces in total 25 indicators serving as proxies for 8 innovation dimensions grouped into 3 pillars. Enablers pillar captures the main factors of innovation performance which are external to the company and cover three innovation dimensions: Human resources, Open, excellent and attractive research systems as well as Finance and support. Firm activities pillar captures the firm-level innovation efforts, grouped into the following innovation dimensions: Firm investments, Linkages & entrepreneurship and Intellectual assets. Outputs pillar covers the results of firms’ innovation efforts in two innovation dimensions: Innovators and Economic effects. The overall ranking within the EU remained relatively stable, with Switzerland at the top, followed by Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Germany. Over the period 2001-2015, long-term innovation performance has had a clear upward trend for the EU as a whole, with highest positive growth for Latvia, Malta and Bulgaria and the most negative growth for Romania.  EU innovation performance has been increasing at an average annual rate of 0.6% between 2001 and 2015, but growth has not been equally strong across all dimensions and subdimensions. The largest growth is observed in Human resources (2.6%) and Research systems (1.7%). Growth in Intellectual assets and Innovators has been modest (1% and 0.5%, respectively). innovation performance in Finance and support demonstrates negative growth rate (-1.6%), caused by sharp decline in Venture capital investments (-5.7%). Moreover, negative growth occurs in Firm investments (-0.2%) and Linkages (-0.4%). The Innovation Union Scoreboard places Member States into the four country groups: Innovation leaders, Innovation followers, Moderate innovators and Modest innovators. The Innovation Leaders have balanced innovation systems with strengths in all dimensions, chased by the Innovations followers, the Moderate Innovators and the Modest Innovators. Performance differences, however, can be insignificant between the different performance groups, in particular for Human resources, Research systems, Innovators, and Economic effects between the Innovation Leaders and Innovations followers, for Firm investments between the Innovations followers and Moderate Innovators, and for Human resources and Intellectual assets between the Moderate and Modest innovators. IUS is one of the tools aimed at measuring of knowledge resources (or intellectual capital), which gain importance in the today's economy, across different countries. The other popular indices include Global Competitiveness Index, Knowledge Economy Index, Global Innovation Index.

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Progress Towards Europe 2020 Headline Targets //knoema.es/yyvfprb/progress-towards-europe-2020-headline-targets 2016-08-24T12:35:05Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Progress Towards Europe 2020 Headline Targets

The Europe 2020 strategy, adopted by the European Council on 17 June 2010, is the EU's agenda for growth and jobs for the current decade. It emphasises smart, sustainable and inclusive growth as a way to overcome the structural weaknesses in Europe's economy, improve its competitiveness and productivity and underpin a sustainable social market economy.

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Expenditure in Industry by Countries //knoema.es/tbozfqc/r-d-expenditure-in-industry-by-countries 2016-05-16T13:37:56Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Expenditure in Industry by Countries

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Progress Towards Europe 2020 Headline Targets: Research and Development //knoema.es/faplwte/progress-towards-europe-2020-headline-targets-research-and-development 2016-04-22T05:31:26Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Progress Towards Europe 2020 Headline Targets: Research and Development

Since 2008, gross domestic expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP has recorded a slight increase. In 2014, the value stood at 2.03% of GDP, compared with 1.85% in 2008. The increase between 2008 and 2009 during the economic crisis reflects a wider EU effort to stimulate economic growth by boosting public expenditure on R&D. In 2014, the EU was 0.97 percentage points below its target for 2020, which envisages increasing combined public and private R&D expenditure to reach 3% of GDP. Main page: Progress towards Europe 2020 headline targets

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Trade Mark Registrations by Type //knoema.es/gdhrbmd/trade-mark-registrations-by-type 2015-11-26T10:50:31Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Trade Mark Registrations by Type

Source: Community trade mark (CTM) registrations by type of trade mark

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Trademark Registrations by Class //knoema.es/pcsdggb/trademark-registrations-by-class 2015-11-26T10:50:26Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Trademark Registrations by Class

The Nice Classification (NCL) is an international classification of goods and services, established by the Nice Agreement in 1957 and applied for the registration of trademarks. For the full list of goods and services included into classification visit http://www.wipo.int/classifications/nice/en/classifications.html. Source: Community trade mark (CTM) registrations by class (Nice classification)

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Patent Applications by Sections and Classes //knoema.es/funbdac/patent-applications-by-sections-and-classes 2015-11-20T10:27:49Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Patent Applications by Sections and Classes

Patents are classified according to the International Patent Classification (IPC). The International Patent Classification is based on an international multilateral treaty administered by the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). According to the IPC classification, an invention is assigned to an IPC-class by its function or intrinsic nature, or by its field of application. The IPC is therefore a combined function-application classification system in which the function takes precedence. A patent may contain several technical objects and therefore be designated to several IPC-classes. The IPC is structured into sections, classes, sub-classes, groups and sub-groups. However, data in the EPO (European Patent Office) collection is available at IPC section and class level only. For further details on the IPC classification visit the WIPO web site at http://www.wipo.int/. Source: Patent applications to the EPO by priority year at the national level by IPC sections and classes

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Technology Demands Financing //knoema.es/pkitwo/technology-demands-financing 2015-10-28T12:55:08Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Technology Demands Financing

Every additional 10 million dollars (PPP) spent on research and development result in 2 patent applications per annum in average. The implication is based on the statistics on gross domestic R&D expenditures and number of patent applications to the EPO (European Patent Office) among European countries. Strong positive correlation between these two indicators shows that the more you spend on research and development the more considerable result you get. Thus, Germany, France, UK and Italy are leading countries both by R&D spending and number of patent applications. Moreover, it is significant both current R&D expenditures and expenditures incurred in the past providing evidence that R&D expenditures have lagged effect. Although patent applications statistics cannot be regarded as a perfect proxy of the country's knowledge power (as patent application itself may turn out to be unsuccessful) it, in some measure, is positively related with the wealth of a country. Sources: UNESCO Institute for Statistics data, 2013, Patent applications to the EPO by priority year and NUTS 3 regions, March 2013

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Human Resources in Science and Technology //knoema.es/fcznfic/human-resources-in-science-and-technology 2015-10-26T12:52:20Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Human Resources in Science and Technology

The data on stock of Human Resources in Science and Technology (HRST) may be used as a proxy indicator of the level of development of the knowledge economy. HRST are devided into 3 groups: core, education and occupation. The central group of HRST, the 'HRST core', includes people who have a university-level degree as well as who are working in a science and technology field. The HRST core group is chief to the development of knowledge and innovation. Source: Annual data on HRST and sub-groups by gender and by NUTS 1 regions

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Expenditure by Countries //knoema.es/daygagc/r-d-expenditure-by-countries 2015-10-26T12:52:13Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Expenditure by Countries

Source: Total intramural R&D expenditure (GERD) by sectors of performance and NUTS 2 regions, July 2013

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Global Innovation Index, 2014 //knoema.es/qzxpbsc/global-innovation-index-2014 2015-09-15T07:35:34Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Global Innovation Index, 2014

The Global Innovation Index (GII) recognizes the key role of innovation as a driver of economic growth and prosperity and acknowledges the need for a broad horizontal vision of innovation that is applicable to both developed and emerging economies, with the inclusion of indicators that go beyond the traditional measures of innovation (such as the level of research and development in a given country). The GII has evolved into a valuable benchmarking tool to facilitate public-private dialogue, whereby policymakers, business leaders and other stakeholders can evaluate progress on a continual basis. The GII relies on two sub-indices, the Innovation Input Sub-Index and the Innovation Output Sub-Index, each built around pillars. Five input pillars capture elements of the national economy that enable innovative activities: Institutions, Human capital and research, Infrastructure, Market sophistication, and Business sophistication. Two output pillars capture actual evidence of innovation outputs: Knowledge and technology outputs and Creative outputs. Source: Global Innovation Index 2014

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Research and Development //knoema.es/fmhhnld/research-and-development 2014-11-15T12:50:50Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Research and Development

Research and Development (R&D) is the field of statistics comprising data on science, technology and innovation. This data is of great significance in the modern economy as it helps to build broad and comprehensive vision of innovation activity that is acknowledged by the most of developed and developing countries as the key driver behind the economic growth and competitiveness. That is why, policymakers try to induce innovation activity by focusing on the role of technology, information and learning in economic performance or, in other words, introducing the concept known as "knowledge-based economy". To monitor the progress of moving towards knowledge-based economy there have been introduced a lot of statistical indicators of innovation inputs, such as R&D expenditure and R&D personnel as well as indicators of innovation outputs, for example, number of patent or design applications. There are also several indices showing overall performance of the countries in the pipeline towards building innovation-driven economies, such as Knowledge Economy Index, Global Innovation Index, Innovation Union Scoreboard and Global Competitiveness Index. These and many other indicators of R&D topic are available on our site and can be easily accessed through the present page. See also: Agriculture | Commodities | Demographics | Economics | Education | Energy | Environment | Exchange Rates | Food Security | Foreign Trade | Healthcare | Land Use | Poverty | Research and Development | Telecommunication | Tourism | Transportation | Water | World Rankings

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Methods Stimulating New Ideas or Creativity //knoema.es/jxeytpf/methods-stimulating-new-ideas-or-creativity 2014-01-31T12:38:35Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Methods Stimulating New Ideas or Creativity

Source: Methods stimulating new ideas or creativity

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Employment in Knowledge-Intensive Activities //knoema.es/qjopivg/employment-in-knowledge-intensive-activities 2014-01-31T11:37:14Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Employment in Knowledge-Intensive Activities

Employment in Knowledge Intensive Activities (KIA) is identified based on a level of tertiary educated persons in sectors of economic activity. Source: Annual data on employment in knowledge-intensive activities at the national level, by sex (from 2008 onwards, NACE Rev. 2)

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Spending Trends Analysis, 2013 //knoema.es/cmblvl/r-d-spending-trends-analysis-2013 2013-12-16T08:06:44Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D Spending Trends Analysis, 2013

After two consecutive years of 9%+ growth, global R&D spending returned to the long-term growth trend and grew at 5.8% in 2013 to the highest total ever, $638 billionThe top three industries by R&D spending continue to be Computing & Electronics, Health, and AutoThe Software & Internet, Health, and Auto sectors accounted for 74% of the overall growth in spending; Chemicals & Energy decreased its R&D expendituresSpending in North America grew at an above average rate of 8.6% while Europe grew at a below average rate of 4.5%; Japan reduced its R&D spending by 3.6%China increased R&D spending at the highest rate, 35.8%, but deceleration of R&D growth in China compared to previous years is significant (5-year annualized growth rate of ~ 64%)Tesla Motors and Facebook are new entrants on the 10 Most Innovative Companies list, and Samsung rose in the ranking for the fourth straight year, reaching third place

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
R&D expenditures and productivity //knoema.es/iziqwfd/r-d-expenditures-and-productivity 2013-10-30T05:53:24Z Misha Gusev knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000560
R&D expenditures and productivity

According to endogenous growth theories, innovations is one of the key drivers of economic growth. To boost innovations and technical progress, countries spend a lot of money on Research and Development. In most developed countries expenditures on research and development exceed 2% of GDP. And about 70-75% of R&D expenditures are covered by private business corporations.

Misha Gusev knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000560
Does the Innovation related to Population, Wealthiness of a Country? //knoema.es/hqplag/does-the-innovation-related-to-population-wealthiness-of-a-country 2013-09-04T13:51:00Z Balaji S knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000220
Does the Innovation related to Population, Wealthiness of a Country?

By considering the population of a country, the most Innovative Country appears to be Switzerland, whereas by ignoring population, United States is the most Innovative Country. Below is a brief info graphics on Top innovating countries in the world. Source: Knowledge Economy Index from World Bank

Balaji S knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1000220
Moving towards Knowledge Economy //knoema.es/okfysj/moving-towards-knowledge-economy 2013-09-04T12:07:48Z Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910
Moving towards Knowledge Economy

To what extent a country is prepared for the transition to knowledge-based economy, i.e. the economy that is able to efficiently stock, process and transfer knowledge, needed for a country to maintain competitiveness in today's modern world? To shed some light on this complicated question and correspondingly to help country leaders to choose strategically right directions, the World Bank developed instrument known as Knowledge Economy Index. Based on 148 indicators which serve as proxies for 4 Knowledge Economy pillars, exactly, Economic Incentive and Institutional Regime, Education and Labor, Innovation and Information & Communications Technology, this index assesses 146 countries throughout the world on their ability to compete in international innovative environment and to supply new knowledge. Source: Knowledge Economy Index (World Bank), 2012

Alex Kulikov knoema.es://knoema.es/user/1847910