National Institute of Statistics, Italy

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Gross value added: Gross value added is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to the economic growth in terms of new goods and services available for final consumption.Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Gross value added: Gross value added is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to the economic growth in terms of new goods and services available for final consumption.Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.Gross value added at producers' prices: Gross value added at producers’ prices is output valued at producers’ prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The producer price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product minus value added tax (VAT), or similar deductible tax, invoiced to the purchaser.Gross value added at factor cost: Gross value added at factor cost is derived from GVA at basic prices by subtricting other taxes on production and adding other subsidies on production.Output: Output consists of the products created during the accounting period. Three types of output are distinguished: market output; output produced for own final use; other non-market output.Output at basic prices: Output is at basic prices when it is valued by subtricting taxes on products and including subsidies on products.Output at producers' prices: Output at producers' prices is the output at basic prices plus taxes on products, excluding VAT, and minus subsidies on products.Output at factor cost: Output at factor cost is valued by subtracting taxes and including subsidies.Taxes on production and on products (except VAT and import taxes):they consist of compulsory, unrequited payments, in cash or in kind which are levied by general government, or by the Institutions of the European Union, in respect of the production of goods and services, the employment of labour, the ownership or use of land, buildings or other assets used in production. These taxes are payable whether or not profits are made.Subsidies on products and on production: are current unrequited payments that government units, including non-resident government units, make to enterprises on the basis of the levels of their production activities or the quantities or values of the goods or services which they produce, sell or import.

Data source(s) used: Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Gross value added: Gross value added is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to the economic growth in terms of new goods and services available for final consumption.Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Gross value added: Gross value added is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to the economic growth in terms of new goods and services available for final consumption.Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.Gross value added at producers' prices: Gross value added at producers’ prices is output valued at producers’ prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The producer price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product minus value added tax (VAT), or similar deductible tax, invoiced to the purchaser.Gross value added at factor cost: Gross value added at factor cost is derived from GVA at basic prices by subtricting other taxes on production and adding other subsidies on production.Output: Output consists of the products created during the accounting period. Three types of output are distinguished: market output; output produced for own final use; other non-market output.Output at basic prices: Output is at basic prices when it is valued by subtricting taxes on products and including subsidies on products.Output at producers' prices: Output at producers' prices is the output at basic prices plus taxes on products, excluding VAT, and minus subsidies on products.Output at factor cost: Output at factor cost is valued by subtracting taxes and including subsidies.Taxes on production and on products (except VAT and import taxes):they consist of compulsory, unrequited payments, in cash or in kind which are levied by general government, or by the Institutions of the European Union, in respect of the production of goods and services, the employment of labour, the ownership or use of land, buildings or other assets used in production. These taxes are payable whether or not profits are made.Subsidies on products and on production: are current unrequited payments that government units, including non-resident government units, make to enterprises on the basis of the levels of their production activities or the quantities or values of the goods or services which they produce, sell or import.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Gross value added: Gross value added is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to the economic growth in terms of new goods and services available for final consumption.Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.Gross value added at producers' prices: Gross value added at producers’ prices is output valued at producers’ prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The producer price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product minus value added tax (VAT), or similar deductible tax, invoiced to the purchaser.Gross value added at factor cost: Gross value added at factor cost is derived from GVA at basic prices by subtricting other taxes on production and adding other subsidies on production.Output: Output consists of the products created during the accounting period. Three types of output are distinguished: market output; output produced for own final use; other non-market output.Output at basic prices: Output is at basic prices when it is valued by subtricting taxes on products and including subsidies on products.Output at producers' prices: Output at producers' prices is the output at basic prices plus taxes on products, excluding VAT, and minus subsidies on products.Output at factor cost: Output at factor cost is valued by subtracting taxes and including subsidies.Taxes on production and on products (except VAT and import taxes):they consist of compulsory, unrequited payments, in cash or in kind which are levied by general government, or by the Institutions of the European Union, in respect of the production of goods and services, the employment of labour, the ownership or use of land, buildings or other assets used in production. These taxes are payable whether or not profits are made.Subsidies on products and on production: are current unrequited payments that government units, including non-resident government units, make to enterprises on the basis of the levels of their production activities or the quantities or values of the goods or services which they produce, sell or import.

Data source(s) used: Account indicators of Regions and Independent Provinces:the indicators are processed on the data of the Istat survey “Final balance sheet of autonomous regions and provinces”.Account indicators of Provincial governments and Metropolitan Cities:the indicators are processed on the data of the Istat processing “Final balance sheet of provinces”.Account indicators of Municipalities:the indicators are processed on the data of the Istat processing “Final balance sheet of municipalities”.Account indicators of Union of Municipalities:the indicators are processed on the data of the Istat processing “Final balance sheet of union of municipalities”.Account indicators of Mountain Communities:the indicators are processed on the data of the Istat processing “Final balance sheet of mountain communities”.Account indicators of Chambers of Commerce:the indicators are processed on the data of the Istat survey “Survey on final balance sheet of public bodies/institutions: chambers of commerce”.Account indicators of Local health units, Hospital companies, University hospitals, General hospitals and Hospitals with a scientific character:the indicators are processed on the data of the survey “Profit and loss account of local health units, hospital companies, university hospitals, general hospitals and hospitals with a scientific character”, carried out by the Ministry of Health.Account indicators of Universities, Polytechnic institutes and Institutes of higher education:the indicators are processed on the data of the survey “Homogeneous drafting of final balance sheets of universities”, carried out by the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research.Indicators on personnel:the indicators are processed on the data of the survey “Annual count”, carried out by the Ministry of Economy and Finances. Other data characteristics: The flag (n) indicates that the data is not available or can not be calculated.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Migration and calculation of foreign resident population and structure by citizenship : Istat since 2011 has been producing estimates on characteristics (citizenship of origin, gender and age) of the new Italian citizens and on the different ways of access to citizenship (marriage, residence, etc.). The data are also provided to Eurostat for Regulation (EC) 862/2007. The estimates are produced using different data sources. Istat: municipal registry lists Ministry of Interior: datasets on acquisitions of citizenship.

Data source(s) used: INPSObservatory of Policies and Occupational labour For the years 2006 to 2009 the number of workers by place of work, sex and age was obtained by multiplying the regional breakdown resulting from DM10M distribution by sex, age and region of work derived from complaints pay monthly archive Emens, while from 2010 the source was the archive only Emens.

Data source(s) used: Survey on museums and other cultural institutions The Italian National Institute of Statistics conducts a census on Museums and Similar Institutions. The census is promoted by the Economic Development Bureau’s Department of Policies for Development, in collaboration with Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau, Italian Regions and Independent Provinces. Aim of the research is obtaining and releasing data on Museums and similar institutions as picture galleries, archaeological areas, monuments, and other standing structures opened to the public. The National Institute of Statistics gathers the data on non-national museums and similar structures, while data gathering of national museums and similar structures depends on Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau. From 2012 edition, data gathering was carried out using a web questionnaire on the website: http://indata.istat.it. The research’s results are published on the Italian National Institute of Statistics’ website.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Household budget survey: The Household Budget Survey, conducted on a sample of about 24 thousand households, provides information on household expenditures for consumption and it also describes, analyses and explains expenditure behaviours of the households having residence in Italy. In 1997 the survey has been completely renewed. Other data characteristics: On 8 July 2015, estimates on household consumption expenditure based on the new Italian Household Budget Survey have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Administrative dispute resolution proceedings - Tar (Regional administrative court): Administrative justice proceedings managed by regional administrative courts.Council of State - balance of proceedings related to administrative disputes Administrative justice proceedings managed by Council of state.

Data source(s) used: Administrative dispute resolution proceedings - Tar (Regional administrative court): Administrative justice proceedings managed by regional administrative courts.Council of State - balance of proceedings related to administrative disputes: Administrative justice proceedings managed by Council of state.Council of Administrative Justice of Sicily Region: Administrative justice proceedings managed by Council of administrative justice for the Sicilian Region.

Data source(s) used: Survey on museums and other cultural institutions The Italian National Institute of Statistics conducts a census on Museums and Similar Institutions. The census is promoted by the Economic Development Bureau’s Department of Policies for Development, in collaboration with Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau, Italian Regions and Independent Provinces. Aim of the research is obtaining and releasing data on Museums and similar institutions as picture galleries, archaeological areas, monuments, and other standing structures opened to the public. The National Institute of Statistics gathers the data on non-national museums and similar structures, while data gathering of national museums and similar structures depends on Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau. From 2012 edition, data gathering was carried out using a web questionnaire on the website: http://indata.istat.it. The research’s results are published on the Italian National Institute of Statistics’ website.

Data source(s) used: Notary activity: The survey on notarial activity provides the number and the characteristics of the notarial deeds and of the agreements contained within them. The survey provides a comprehensive overview of notarial activity and a set of socio-economic information that is significant for the collectivity as a whole. The agreements stipulated by notaries are organized into groups to highlight the most significant phenomena. The survey is conducted each year by collecting data directly from the approximately 5,000 notaries in operation, and it is conducted in collaboration with the Central office of notarial archives and the National Council of notaries.

Data source(s) used: Price index for products purchased by farmers; statistical compilation other than National Account Price index for products sold by farmers; statistical compilation other than National Account.

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Production and value added for agriculture, fishery and silviculture The agricultural sector uses as calculating method, unlike most other economic sectors, the aggregation estimates on quantities and prices. In this context, agricultural accounts require (at both central framework level and satellite account level), statistical information available at a very disaggregated level. Such information is integrated, during the year with data on sowings, forecasts on production and on harvested production in progress and with the data from the REA (the sample survey on the economic outcomes of agricultural holdings).

Data source(s) used: Survey on rural tourism accommodations Statistical Departments of Regions and Autonomous Provinces, in collaboration with agricultural departments, give data about authorized agritouristic farms. Data come from administrative sources and are concerned with the characteristic of the farms, in particular with the different kinds of authorized agritouristic farms (accommodation, catering, tasting and other activities). Other activities comprise horse-riding, trekking, other courses, etc.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Air transport : The new statistical survey on air transport is a total survey collection information on the carriage of passengers, freight and mail by air, flight stages, available seats for passengers on aircraft and aircraft movements. The reporting units are the airports and the data are provided by their management companies. Quarterly data are referred only to the airports that send monthly data. Other data characteristics: Quarterly data are provisional

Data source(s) used: Crimes reported to the Judicial authorities by the State Police, Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza: Are processed the data on felonies and people who were reported by police to the court Other data characteristics: Data referring to social demographic characteristics of alleged offenders could not coincide with data on reports because of the different timing of extraction from police forces database.The sum of the crimes by province could not coincide with the total of the region, and that of the regions with the total Italy, because of the missed precise statement, for some crimes, of the place where they have been committed (or of the region of the committed crime but not of the province).

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Public final consumption expenditure and public expenditure by sub-sector and function:The statistical sources are the classifications of expenditure by function adopted by single public bodies belonging to General Government (GG) and other statistics on public expenditure.In the National Accounts public expenditure by functions is classified according to the COFOG, or Classification of function of government.This classification is adopted by OECD, IMF, EUROSTAT. The classification is divided into three levels of analysis:the first level is made up of ten divisions that are divided into groups, in turn broken down into classes.The divisions can be considered as the broad purposes of public expenditure, while groups and classes are the activities and actions by which these purposes are achieved. The first six divisions cover collective actions (General public services, Defence, Public order and safety, Economic affairs, Environmental protection, Housing and community amenities); the remaining divisions refer mainly to actions related to individual services (Health, Recreation, Culture and religion, Education, Social protection).The expenditure by function -like the other data on GG accounts- is estimated on according to the European methodology: EU Regulation n. 549/2013, which established the system of national accounts ESA 2010, and the Manual on Government Deficit and Debt, specifically related to the GG operations.

Data source(s) used: Gross contractual wages, length of work contract and yearly wages and salaries on an accrual basis: Statistics from this survey are based on concept of labour price. For each nation-wide collective agreement, the number of employees and their composition by specific wage level (combined with indications for seniority, skill, estimation about shift work) are fixed at a base year and remain constant until the renewal of base has been done. Employees exclude apprentices and managers. The base used now is December 2010=100 Moreover, these indicators are not influenced by changes due to overtime, worked hours or not worked for strikes or worker's illness. Istat produces two type of statistics on wages according to collective agreements: monthly index (IRC) and annual figures (RCA). Both indicators include basic pay, seniority and shift work allowance, all bonuses specified in national agreements and payable to all workers as well as those paid periodically (e.g. the 13th month). Bonuses related to individual performance or individual working conditions, supplementary payment agreed at the company or local level are not included. Monthly index excludes also bonuses-arrears and una tantum paid in late, but these two items are included in the annual wage figures (retribuzione annua di competenza o di cassa). Wages include tax and social security contributions paid by employees. The monthly index is calculated dividing by 12 the annual figures for each group of qualifications in the collective agreement. It shows the evolution of full-time employees' wages according to collective agreement and to law in force. General index is calculated each month as the average of the increase sets in each collective agreement signed in the national territory. The figures are derived from a selection of the most relevant nation-wide collective bargaining agreements on wages between labour unions and employers' associations. Every month the press release "Contratti collettivi e retribuzioni contrattuali" publishes two wage indices in national labour agreements: per capita and per hour. Per capita index measures the change in the collectively agreed annual wages compared to the base year. Hourly index measures the change of the wages per unit of time (annual earnings divided by the total number of working hours in the year). Annual figures are in terms of accrual or cash values. The first one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di competenza) is the annual wage amount that employees would earn each year if the National Collective Agreement came in force on time. This remuneration assigns backdated una tantum and arrears payments to the theoretical relative month. The second one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di cassa) is the sum of wages that employees have actually received every month. Accrual values are revised if the renewed collective agreement settles the payment of una tantum and/or arrears for the period in which the collective agreement is expired and the new isn't still signed.

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).General government Account by sub-sectorThe account is compiled according to the format specified by the European System of Accounts (ESA 2010) for the general government Sector (EU Regulation n. 549/2013, chapter 20).This representation, adopted within the European statistics, enables the immediate comparability of national accounts of Italy general government with those of other EU countries.The pattern uses an account structure with two sections which sets out the main items of revenue and expenditure of general government.The general government sector (S.13) consists of institutional units which are non-market producers whose output is intended for individual and collective consumption, and are financed by compulsory payments made by units belonging to other sectors, and institutional units principally engaged in the redistribution of national income and wealth.In Italy the general government is divided into three levels: central government, local government and social security funds.For some aggregates (total revenue, current revenue, capital revenue, total expenditure, current expenditure, capital expenditure, current transfers, investment grants, other capital transfers, interests) values relative to general government sector are different from the sum of subsectors’ values. It’s due to the consolidation in the general government sector accounts of the transactions that occur between general government’s subsectors. Consolidation refers to the elimination, from both uses and resources, of transactions that occur between subsectors when they are grouped.This occurs commonly when the accounts of subsectors of general government are combined.Consolidation does not affect balancing items, so the net borrowing (net lending) of general government corresponds to the sum of the net borrowing (net lending) of its subsector, because the consolidated items appear symmetrically within each account.The basic statistic sources used for the compilation of the ‘consolidated general government account’ are statistical surveys on the budget flows, or the financial reports of the units concerned.Information about the different Administrations are validated both in terms of internal consistency , both of dynamic time series plausibility , in according to current legislation and specific phenomena that can affect the aggregates considered.Central government units:State: State financial statement, reworked both on cash and on commitments basis by the Ministry of Economy and Finance, Department General Accounting Office (RgS).The State cash account (RgS); furher analytical information provided by the Ministry of Economy and Finance Departments.Other units of the central government (constitutional bodies , other central economic activities, regulatory bodies, research bodies, economic service producers, institutions providing cultural assistance services): financial statements and Istat surveys on the budget flows, complemented with specific information provided directly by the entities.Local government bodies:Regions: final financial statements of Regions supplemented with specific detailed information provided by the entities.Provinces: final financial statements certified by the Ministry of the Interior.Municipalities: final financial statements certified by the Ministry of the Interior.Local Health Agencies (Asl), Hospital agencies, Public Research Hospital, university polyclinics: budget flows acquired by the Health Information System managed by the Ministry of Health.Local Government producers of services of care, recreation, culture and sectoral regulatory:Istat surveys on the budget flows, final financial statements, income statement and balance sheet.Social security funds: closing balance sheets of ‘INPS’ and ‘INAIL’, Istat surveys on the budget flows of social security funds. For some specific flows , budget information is supplemented with extra-budgetary information.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: aspects of daily life - general part: The sample survey "Aspects of daily life" is a part of an integrated system of social surveys - The Multipurpose Surveys on Household - and it collects fundamental information on individual and household daily life. From 1993 to 2003 the survey was conducted annually, with data collected during the month of November. In 2004 the survey did not take place and, starting from 2005, it was run every year in February. The survey provides information on the citizens' habits and the problems they face in every day life. In the questionnaires, the thematic areas are on different social aspects consenting to realize which is the quality of individual life, the degree of satisfaction of their conditions, their economic situation, the area in which they live, the functioning of all public utility services, all topics useful to study the quality of life. School, work, family and social life, spare time, political and social participation, health, life style, access to the services are all investigated from a point of view in which behaviour objectivity, motivations, opinions contribute to define the social information. The survey is included in The National Statistic Programme, which gathers the statistical investigations needed for the Country.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: aspects of daily life - general part: The sample survey "Aspects of daily life" is a part of an integrated system of social surveys - The Multipurpose Surveys on Household - and it collects fundamental information on individual and household daily life. From 1993 to 2003 the survey was conducted annually, with data collected during the month of November. In 2004 the survey did not take place and, starting from 2005, it was run every year in February. The survey provides information on the citizens' habits and the problems they face in every day life. In the questionnaires, the thematic areas are on different social aspects consenting to realize which is the quality of individual life, the degree of satisfaction of their conditions, their economic situation, the area in which they live, the functioning of all public utility services, all topics useful to study the quality of life. School, work, family and social life, spare time, political and social participation, health, life style, access to the services are all investigated from a point of view in which behaviour objectivity, motivations, opinions contribute to define the social information. The survey is included in The National Statistic Programme, which gathers the statistical investigations needed for the Country. Other data characteristics: Since March 21th 2016, indicators related to the years 2011-2014 have been recalculated in order to take into account the updated population with the census 2011.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: aspects of daily life - general part: The sample survey "Aspects of daily life" is a part of an integrated system of social surveys - The Multipurpose Surveys on Household - and it collects fundamental information on individual and household daily life. From 1993 to 2003 the survey was conducted annually, with data collected during the month of November. In 2004 the survey did not take place and, starting from 2005, it was run every year in February. The survey provides information on the citizens' habits and the problems they face in every day life. In the questionnaires, the thematic areas are on different social aspects consenting to realize which is the quality of individual life, the degree of satisfaction of their conditions, their economic situation, the area in which they live, the functioning of all public utility services, all topics useful to study the quality of life. School, work, family and social life, spare time, political and social participation, health, life style, access to the services are all investigated from a point of view in which behaviour objectivity, motivations, opinions contribute to define the social information. The survey is included in The National Statistic Programme, which gathers the statistical investigations needed for the Country. Other data characteristics: Since March 21th 2016, indicators related to the years 2011-2014 have been recalculated in order to take into account the updated population with the census 2011.

Data source(s) used: Annual register on earnings, working hours and labour cost for persons and enterprises RACLI is the Register with information on employment, wages, labor costs and hours for each employee job (a person might have one or more jobs, with the same or different employer, at the same time or not) and related employer (LEED structure employer-employee Database) in the private non-agricultural sector. It is consistent with the Employment and Business Register (ASIA Occupazione e Imprese) and the Business Local Unit (ASIA UL).From the beginning the production of the RACLI register started separately but in a coordinated way with the employment information system (the so-called DB-Employment) at the single job position level, whose experimentation started during the Census of Industry and Services 2011 thanks to the timely availability of new LEED administrative sources and in particular of the new National Social Security Institution (INPS) declaration, the UniEmens. The main basic statistical input for the production of the RACLI register is the DB-Employment, based on the integration of various administrative sources of the INPS Social Security Institute and not only, among which for the employees a fundamental role is played by the UniEmens archive, in addition to those relating to employees of the entertainment sector (Enpals flowed into the UniEmens since 2015), agriculture (DMAG) and the archieve related to workers with the INPS short-time work benefits.The role of RACLI is mainly to extend, for the employee job sub-population, the information on gross wages, labor costs and hours paid by integrating information from the UniEmens, other than the information related to employment, but also merging other administrative and statistical sources, including data from the 770 / CU tax model and survey data, in particular the four-yearly ‘Structure of Earnings Survey’ (SES), the quarterly survey on ‘Job vacancies and hours worked’ (Vela) and the ‘Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises’ (GI).The main statistical units of the RACLI register is the employee job position defined as the work relationship established between an economic unit and an individual and defined by a starting date.The RACLI register produces annual information on wages and hours paid with a high level of detail with regard to the characteristics of the job position (working time, duration of the contract, contract position, etc.), of the individual (gender, age, country of birth, level of education through the integration with the Population Register) and of the economic unit (economic activity code, size class, local units, etc .. thanks to integration with the ‘Statistical Business Register’ ASIA). The variable total labor cost, at the moment, is produced only at company level, integrating for this purpose also the information from the quarterly survey ‘Employment, earnings and social security contributions’ (OROS) but advanced study are on progress for the estimation of the other labour costs at job level.The first release of RACLI Register was on the 30 December 2016 related to data of the reference year 2014 (Istat, 2016) but it auxiliary information has been widely used since 2012 for a lot of different statistical purposes.

Data source(s) used: Household budget survey: The Household Budget Survey, conducted on a sample of about 24 thousand households, provides information on household expenditures for consumption and it also describes, analyses and explains expenditure behaviours of the households having residence in Italy. In 1997 the survey has been completely renewed. Other data characteristics: On 8 July 2015, estimates on household consumption expenditure based on the new Italian Household Budget Survey have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Gross contractual wages, length of work contract and yearly wages and salaries on an accrual basis: Statistics from this survey are based on concept of labour price. For each nation-wide collective agreement, the number of employees and their composition by specific wage level (combined with indications for seniority, skill, estimation about shift work) are fixed at a base year and remain constant until the renewal of base has been done. Employees exclude apprentices and managers. The base used now is December 2010=100 Moreover, these indicators are not influenced by changes due to overtime, worked hours or not worked for strikes or worker's illness. Istat produces two type of statistics on wages according to collective agreements: monthly index (IRC) and annual figures (RCA). Both indicators include basic pay, seniority and shift work allowance, all bonuses specified in national agreements and payable to all workers as well as those paid periodically (e.g. the 13th month). Bonuses related to individual performance or individual working conditions, supplementary payment agreed at the company or local level are not included. Monthly index excludes also bonuses-arrears and una tantum paid in late, but these two items are included in the annual wage figures (retribuzione annua di competenza o di cassa). Wages include tax and social security contributions paid by employees. The monthly index is calculated dividing by 12 the annual figures for each group of qualifications in the collective agreement. It shows the evolution of full-time employees' wages according to collective agreement and to law in force. General index is calculated each month as the average of the increase sets in each collective agreement signed in the national territory. The figures are derived from a selection of the most relevant nation-wide collective bargaining agreements on wages between labour unions and employers' associations. Every month the press release "Contratti collettivi e retribuzioni contrattuali" publishes two wage indices in national labour agreements: per capita and per hour. Per capita index measures the change in the collectively agreed annual wages compared to the base year. Hourly index measures the change of the wages per unit of time (annual earnings divided by the total number of working hours in the year). Annual figures are in terms of accrual or cash values. The first one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di competenza) is the annual wage amount that employees would earn each year if the National Collective Agreement came in force on time. This remuneration assigns backdated una tantum and arrears payments to the theoretical relative month. The second one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di cassa) is the sum of wages that employees have actually received every month. Accrual values are revised if the renewed collective agreement settles the payment of una tantum and/or arrears for the period in which the collective agreement is expired and the new isn't still signed.

Data source(s) used: : INPSInstitute administrative archive

Data source(s) used: Quick survey on building permits: Quick Survey on building permits is a quartely and sample survey; it collects information on new building projects (residential or non-residential) or enlargement of pre-existing buildings, with the exception of transformations and renovations. Information is supplied by those who ask for building permits or start-of-work notification (DIA) or SCIA and is collected by municipalities that monthly send the material to Istat.

Data source(s) used: Istat economic sentiment indicator - IESI : Since June 2012, Istat disseminates the composite economic sentiment indicator of the whole Italian firms named IESI (Istat Economic Sentiment Indicator). Until April 2017, the indicator was calculated by aggregating of the balances of the variables included in the confidence climate indicator of industry (assessments on the order books, on the stocks of finished products and expectations on the production), of construction (assessments on current order books and expectations on firm's employment), of services (assessments and expectations on orders and expectations on the general economy), and of retail trade (assessments and expectations on business situation and assessments on stocks). Starting from the publication of May 2017, one of the series which makes up IESI was substituted. More specifically, with reference to the service sector, the balance series pertaining to the expectations on the general economy was replaced by the one concerning the assessments on the general business situation. That was done consistently with the new definition of the service climate confidence index. The calculation methodology of the indicator remains unvaried. The new series has been recalculated since March 2005.As for the calculation methodology, the 11 initial series are seasonally adjusted with the Tramo-Seats method and standardized. Their synthesis is obtained by a weighted average, using as weights the shares of the value added attributable to each sector. In order to get the weight to be assigned to each balance, the value-added of each sector is divided by the number of variables included in the computation of each confidence climate indicator. The weights used to synthesize the series refer to the year 2012 value added figures. The composite indicator obtained is converted into an index number based 2010=100.The previous series (2005=100) are weighted with value added figures referring to 2010. They was not calculated on the basis of the new definition of the service climate confidence index.

Data source(s) used: Business confidence survey in Construction: The survey is a part of the joint harmonized European Union programme of business and consumer surveys (the latest relevant normative is the Commission’s decision: COM (2006) 379 , 2006 July 12). The survey provides information about managers' assessments and expectations on the main economic variables in their company (e.g. assessments on order books and construction activity, expectations on orders, etc.). The reporting unit and the sample unit is the firm. The target universe is made up of Italian firms with three or more employees classified in Section F in NACE rev.2 . The survey is monthly and since November 2011 data collection technique used is CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing) . The sample design is stratified by economic sectors (identified by the divisions of section F in NACE rev.2), geographic partitions and firm sizes (in terms of employees). The sampling frame is based on ASIA archive (Statistical archive of active firms). The survey is addressed to a panel of 700 firms. The confidence indicator, according to the EU methodology, is calculated as the simple arithmetic average of the balances of answers to the question on assessments on order books and to the question on the expectations on employment. The confidence climate index is released for the whole sector and for the sub-sectors (the three divisions of NACE (rev.2) – section F: construction of buildings, civil engineering and specialized construction activities). All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released. At the same time the publication of march 2015, the confidence climate index both for the whole sector and economic sub-sectors (the divisions provided in NACE (rev.2): construction of buildings, civil engineering and specialized construction activities) is released with base 2010=100.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: Variables concerning credit:since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2009, May.

Data source(s) used: The business confidence survey in the manufacturing sector: The survey is carried out in the framework of the joint harmonized EU Programme of business and consumer tendency surveys (the latest normative reference is the Commission’s decision COM (2006) 379 , 2006 July 12). The survey collects qualitative data on the current and expected cyclical situation of the manufacturing firms on monthly basis (e.g. assessments and expectations on firm’s order books, production and liquidity conditions; assessments on stocks of finished products; expectations on firm’s employment and selling prices), along with expectations on the Italian general economic situation. Quarterly, some other variables regarding the main aspects of the firm’s general situation are investigated (production capacity, numbers of worked hours, new orders, stocks of commodities and unfinished products, export order books, the factors limiting the production, months of production secured and capacity utilization), along with some information about the firm’s competitive position. The reporting unit and the sample unit is the firm. The target universe is made up by the Italian firms with five or more employees, classified in Section C of the NACE rev.2 classification. The survey is monthly. ISTAT manages the data collection by CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing). The sample is represented by a panel of about 4000 firms. The sample design is stratified by economic sectors (identified by the divisions of section C in NACE rev.2), geographic partitions and firm sizes (in terms of employees). The sampling frame is extracted by the official ASIA archive (the statistical archive of active enterprises elaborated by ISTAT). The confidence climate is built as an arithmetic average of the balances on the assessments on the order books and the stocks of finished products (with a negative sign) and the expectation on the production over the next 3 months. Monthly, the confidence climate index for the whole manufacturing sector, the four geographical areas (North-west, North-east, Centre, South and Islands) and for the main industrial groupings (MIGs, Consumer Goods, Intermediate Goods and Capital Goods) is calculated. All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released. At the same time starting from the publication of march 2015, the confidence climate index both for the whole sector, the four geographical areas (North-west, North-east, Centre, South and Islands) and for the main industrial groupings (MIGs, Consumer Goods, Intermediate Goods and Capital Goods) is released with base 2010=100.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: The following quarterly series: Export turnover (in %),Assessments on export turnover,Expectations on export turnover,Export/domestic price ratio,Export destination,Major competitors,Factors influencing export are available on March, on June, on September and on December. The following quarterly series: Production capacity – current,Numbers of worked hours,Orders books, past 3 months,Export order books, next 3 months,Factors limiting production,Months of production secured,Capacity utilisation,Stocks of commodities and unfinished products,Competitive position are available on April, on July, on October and on January.: Variables concerning credit: since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2008, March.From 2016 on, survey results for the 3-digit sectors of the following eight two-digit sectors belonging to section C of the Nace rev.2 classification are no more provided: manufacture of food products, manufacture of textiles; manufacture of chemicals and chemical products; manufacture of fabricated metal products (except machinery and equipment); manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products; manufacture of electrical equipment and of non-electric domestic appliances; manufacture of other transport equipment; other manufacturing.

Data source(s) used: Business confidence survey in Services: Services survey is carried out within the joint harmonized EU (European Union) project (EC -European Commission- Decision C (97) 2241 of 15 July 1997 and EC ommunication COM (2006) 379 of 12 July 2006). The survey provides information about managers' assessments and expectations of the main economic variables in their company (level of order books, business situation, turnover etc.).The survey is carried out on a monthly basis and addressed to a panel of 2.000 firms (cut off 3 employees). The survey sample design is stratified by economic sectors (identified by NACE rev.2 divisions), geographic partitions and firm sizes (in terms of employees). Furthemore, the Neyman optimum allocation method to strata is applied for determining the strata size. The sampling frame is ASIA archive (Statical Archive of active firms). The services confidence indicator, according to the EU methodology, is calculated as the simple arithmetric average of the balances of answers to the questions on assessments and expectations of demand and to the question on the assessments on the business situation. All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: Following to the availability of the data of the NACE rev.2 divisions 75 and from 90 to 96 (apart from the one 94), the revision of all series of the services confidence climate survey was effectuated. Since June 2013, in fact, the above mentioned data were included into all the aggregates. Moreover, for a few series, a further revision also for previous periods to June 2013 was carried out. More specifically, in occasion of April 2017 release (reference month data: April 2017), all monthly series as well as all the quarterly ones concerning to the credit section were revised as from January 2012; with reference to the quarterly series capacity utilization, the revision of the entire series was effectuated from the first quarter of 2010.The previous series (2005=100) were not revised.All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released.Starting from the publication of May 2017, the definition of the confidence climate in the service sector changes. More specifically, balance series concerning the expectations on the general economy was replaced by the one pertaining to the assessments on the general business situation; doing so the confidence climate is coherent with the one calculated by the European Commission. Therefore, starting from May 2017, confidence climate is built as average of balances concerning assessments and expectations on orders and balance of the assessments on the general business situation. Confidence climate index is released with basis 2010=100 and the new series has been calculated again since march 2005. Confidence index with basis 2005=100 (previous series) has not been calculated on the basis of the new definition.Moreover, at the same time the publication of May 2017, all the balance and frequency replies series have been revised from January 2003 to december 2009.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: Variables concerning credit:since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2008.

Data source(s) used: Business Confidence Survey in Retail Trade: The Business Confidence Survey in Retail Trade falls within the goal of a wide range of cyclical surveys harmonised at European level and for which ISTAT has been the Italian partner since January 2011. The survey aims to gather and to timely disseminate the opinions (assessments and expectations over the next 3 months) of the sector operators on cyclical trends in the main economic variables in the retail trade. The principal phenomena recorded on a monthly basis concern, in particular, assessments on the current business situation, level of stocks, suppliers’ prices as well as expectations (over three successive months) regarding the volume of orders, the workforce, selling prices and sale volumes. The enterprise is the reporting unit and the analysis unit. The target universe is composed of all the enterprises classified in the division 45 (all groups) and the division 47 (only groups from 47.1 to 47.7, inclusive) of the statistical classification of economic activities EC-NACE Rev. 2. The sample design is a random sample with a panel stratified by class of employees, geographic division and main kind of economic activity. The sampling frame is based on ASIA archive (statistical archive of active firms). The survey is addressed to a panel of 1000 firms. In line with the methodology adopted at EU level, on a monthly basis, the indicators of the business climate in the sector will be processed considering this element both as a whole and broken down into the two categories of traditional and large-scale retailing. In particular, the indicators are defined as the arithmetical average of the balances (seasonally adjusted) pertaining to the questions on both the present and future business situation and the assessments of stocks (with the mathematical sign inverted). All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released. At the same time the publication of march 2015, the confidence climate index both for the whole sector and the two kind of distribution (tradition and large-scale retailing) is released with base 2010=100.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: Variables concerning credit:since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2008, March. The raw series are available for the whole sector and for type of retail distribution from March 2008.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Gross fixed capital formation: Gross fixed capital formation consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units.Gross capital formation: Gross capital formation is measured by the total value of the gross fixed capital formation, changes in the invetories, and acqusitions less disposals of valuables

Data source(s) used: Survey on final balance sheet of public bodies/institutions: chambers of commerce:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Survey on final balance sheet of public bodies/institutions: chambers of commerce:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: INPSArchives of INPS administrative complaints monthly salary (Emens):It provides information on:• beneficiaries receiving the household (ANF) in allowances in favor of employees (excluding agricultural and domestic workers)• Average amounts per employee last monthly check received in the year• Estimated average annual gross income of the household told by the worker and for the last monthly benefit received during the year.

Data source(s) used: Civil proceedings at judicial offices: Flows of the civil proceedings (ensued proceedings, settled proceedings, pending proceedings at the end of the year) classified by main subject and judicial office.

Data source(s) used: Civil proceedings at judicial offices: Flows of the civil proceedings (ensued proceedings, settled proceedings, pending proceedings at the end of the year) classified by main subject and judicial office.

Data source(s) used: Construction cost index for residential buildings: The construction costs index for residential building approximates the monthly evolution of costs of the residential construction sector. Construction cost indices for road stretch: The indices approximates the monthly evolution of construction costs for road stretch

Data source(s) used: Consumer Confidence Survey: Survey on consumer confidence is part of the joint harmonized EU program of business and consumer surveys (European Commission Decision C(97) 2241, 15 July 1997 and Communication of European Commission COM(2006) 379, 12 July 2006 and it is cofinanced by the European Commision. Since 1982 the survey is carried out monthly on a representative sample of the Italian adult population. Information are collected in the first 12 days of the month, using telephone interviews with the CATI (Computer assisted telephone interviewing) technique. Sample size is of about 2000 units, with two stages, in proportion to the universe of the Italian adult population and stratified by geographical area and size of municipality of residence. List used corresponds to telephone subscribers; the reporting unit is the telephone subscriber (unit of first stage, randomly selected within the layer), the sample unit is the consumer (unit of second stage), being an adult belonging to the family identified by the telephone number. The selection technique used is a systematic random in the first stage and a quota sampling in the second stage. The questionnaire for the telephone interview includes structural information as well as other questions, mainly qualitative, on the general economic situation in the country and on the personal situation of the respondent. Opinions are expressed as assessment concerning the recent past (last 12 months) or as expectations about short-term future (next 12 months). In particular this survey includes monthly questions on the following aspects: assessments and expectations on the Italian economic situation; expectations on unemployment; assessment and expectations on household's economic situation; assessment on household's financial situation; assessment and expections about inflation; present opportunity and future possibility of savings; present opportunity and future possibility of durable purchases. On quarterly basis (i.e. in January, April, July and October) information are collected on the intentions to buy a new car within the next 12 months; to purchase or to make extraordinary repairs to the dwelling within the next 12 months. Confidence climate index, defined as aritmetical average of nine balances, is a synthetic indicator of all results and it aims at evaluating level of optimism and pessimism among Italian consumers. It can be broken down in personal and economic climates or, alternatively, in present and future climates. These indicators are expressed as index in base 2010=100. Series are seasonally adjusted using Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for the whole nation: It refers to households consumption within the national territory (both resident and non-resident households) and comprise all purchases of goods and services having an actual market price. It is used to measure inflation in Italy. Other data characteristics: In regard to provincial data, in some months and for some provincial capitals, the index can be not calculated due to the interruption of survey operations or the non abidance of the rules and the quality standards established by IstatSuch situation are marked with flag g

Data source(s) used: Household Budget Survey: The HBS aims to measure and analyze expenditure behaviors of households residing in Italy, according to their main social, economic and territorial characteristics. More, it represents the informative base for i) the quarterly estimate of household final consumption expenditure, ii) the annual weighting of the CPI basket, iii) the official estimates of relative and absolute poverty in Italy, iv) the measure of inflation by household expenditure classes. The main focus of the HBS is represented by all expenditures incurred by resident households to purchase goods and services exclusively devoted to household consumption (self-consumptions, imputed rentals and presents are included): every other expenditure for a different purpose is excluded from the data collection (e. g., payments of fees, business expenditures). The survey, carried out continuously with CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interview) technique, is based on the harmonized international classification of expenditure voices (Classification of Individual COnsumption by Purpose – Coicop). Since 2014, the new HBS has replaced the old HBS (carried out between 1997 and 2013).The present survey design differs deeply from the previous one: in particular, expenditure reference periods have been enlarged and the most updated ECoicop has been adopted. As a consequence, it has been necessary to reconstruct the time series of the main expenditure aggregates since 1997. Time comparisons between 2014 estimates and previously disseminated estimates can be made only using reconstructed data.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Contributions to GDP growth:The lack of additivity of volume measures also impacts on the calculation of contributions to GDP growth. The technique adopted by ISTAT to compute contributions to growth is based on the series evaluated at PYP. Given the additivity property of such series, for quarters 2 to 4, the quarter-on-quarter contribution to GDP growth of a component X in quarter t is given by:ContCX(t) = [XPYP(t) – XPYP(t-1)] / GDPPYP(t-1),where XPYP and GDPPYP are the component X and the GDP, respectively, evaluated at previous year prices. The last expression is not correct for the first quarter of the year as it is evaluated at prices of year T-1 while the previous quarter (the fourth quarter of T-1) is evaluated at prices of year T-2. The correct expression is given byContCX(t) = [XPYP(t) – XPYP(t-1) • [XDef(T-1)/ XDef (T-2]] / GDPPYP(t-1) • [GDPDef(T-1)/GDPDef(T-2)] where XDef and GDPDef are the annual deflators of the component X and of GDP, respectively.Analogously, the contribution of the component X to the year-on-year GDP growth is given by:ContTX(t) = [XPYP(t) – XPYP(t-4) • [XDef(T-1)/XDef(T-2)]] / GDPPYP(t-4) • [GDPDef(T-1)/ GDPDef(T-2)].

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Output deflator at factor costs:is given by the ratio between the current price production at factor costs and the chain linked production (measured at factor costs) with reference year 2005.Input deflator at factor costs: is given by the ratio between the current price intermediate costs at factor costs and the chain linked intermediate costs (measured at factor costs) with reference year 2005.Unit labour cost:is given by the ratio between ‘Compensation of employees’ and production.Unit variable costs:are given by the ratio between the sum of unit labour costs and intermediate consumption and production.Mark-up:is given by the ratio between the output deflator and the unit variable costs.

Data source(s) used: Crimes reported to the Judicial authorities by the State Police, Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza:Are processed the data on felonies and people who were reported by police to the court Other data characteristics: The survey concerns the operational activity of the Police Forces and does not follow the subsequent judicial path of the reported facts. The sum of the crimes divided by province may not coincide with the total of the region and that of the regions with the total Italy. This can happen because of a non-univocal location of the crime in a certain detail (municipality, province, region), in which case it is counted in the first territorial area, more aggregated, useful.

Data source(s) used: Criminal proceedings and other activities at judicial offices: Flows of the criminal proceedings (ensued proceedings, settled proceedings, pending proceedings at the end of the year) classified by judicial office.

Data source(s) used: Estimate of crop, flower and pot plant production and areaStatistics are produced using expert information. Data are provided by local authorities that collect experts evaluations on area and yield of different crops. The auxiliary information could be included in expert's estimate, such as verifying the availability of external sources (eg professional bodies or associations of producers, administrative sources, auxiliary sources of data related to the cultivation being estimated). Crops under investigation are different for each month and take into account the phenological stage of cultivation. For this reason more than one estimate can be determined for each crop during the year (provisional, temporary or permanent).

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: time use The Time Use Survey falls within the System of Multipurpose Surveys on households. The main peculiarity of this survey is that by filling in a daily diary it’s possible to learn about the way in which each respondent allocates 24 hours (divided into 10 minute intervals) between the various daily activities, travel, places visited and people with which spends time. This survey is considered strategic for the knowledge of the organization of the lifetimes of the population in terms of gender, as it allows the study of gender roles in society and in the household. For this reason Italian lawmakers even decided to include an article in the Law n. 53 of 2000, which states: “The National Institute of Statistics (Istat) is to ensure, every five year, an informative flow on the population’s organization of the life times by means of the Time Use Survey, desegregating the information by gender and age”.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: time use The Time Use Survey falls within the System of Multipurpose Surveys on households. The main peculiarity of this survey is that by filling in a daily diary it’s possible to learn about the way in which each respondent allocates 24 hours (divided into 10 minute intervals) between the various daily activities, travel, places visited and people with which spends time. This survey is considered strategic for the knowledge of the organization of the lifetimes of the population in terms of gender, as it allows the study of gender roles in society and in the household. For this reason Italian lawmakers even decided to include an article in the Law n. 53 of 2000, which states: “The National Institute of Statistics (Istat) is to ensure, every five year, an informative flow on the population’s organization of the life times by means of the Time Use Survey, desegregating the information by gender and age”. Other data characteristics: The activity "leisure/free time" in the tables relating to main activities carried out across the day also includes "voluntary work and meetings".

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Demographic projections - Years 2017-2065: Forecasts are calculated by gender, year of the forecast, median scenario and uncertainty level ( 90%, 80% and 50% confidence intervals). The data are provided for Italian regions. The forecasts cover a period until year 2065.

Data source(s) used: : The source documentation is being defined

Data source(s) used: Survey on integration of disable schoolmates in private and publich primary and upper secondary schools: The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Starting from September 23 2019, the time series of national accounts, based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010), have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources. The revision took place in coordination with other European countries.The previously diffused series are available in the sections "Regional accounts in the 2014 version" and "Regional accounts in the 2011 and 2005 versions" of this same site.Disposable income of the households in the italian regions at current prices: primary income formation (gross operating surplus, mixed income, compensation of employees, net property incomes) and income redistribution (current taxes, social contributions, social benefits, net other current tranfers).

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: time use The Time Use Survey falls within the System of Multipurpose Surveys on households. The main peculiarity of this survey is that by filling in a daily diary it’s possible to learn about the way in which each respondent allocates 24 hours (divided into 10 minute intervals) between the various daily activities, travel, places visited and people with which spends time. This survey is considered strategic for the knowledge of the organization of the lifetimes of the population in terms of gender, as it allows the study of gender roles in society and in the household. For this reason Italian lawmakers even decided to include an article in the Law n. 53 of 2000, which states: “The National Institute of Statistics (Istat) is to ensure, every five year, an informative flow on the population’s organization of the life times by means of the Time Use Survey, desegregating the information by gender and age”.

Data source(s) used: Marriage dissolution and termination of marriage civil effects (divorces): Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.Average duration of marriage is the difference, in completed years, between the date on which divorce proceedings are filed and the date of marriage.Divorces without previous separation are excluded.

Data source(s) used: Marriage dissolution and termination of marriage civil effects (divorces): Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.

Data source(s) used: Marriage dissolution and termination of marriage civil effects (divorces): Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.Average duration of marriage is the difference, in completed years, between the date on which divorce proceedings are filed and the date of marriage.

Data source(s) used: Divorces: The main purpose of the survey is to monitor marital instability formalized through divorce.Statistical data allows to analyze the various components of the phenomenon: prosecution and appeal to legal assistance, characteristics of marriage, spouses and children, if any; economic measures as contribution to the maintenance and the allocation of the marital home. This information helps to shed light on structural changes and trends have emerged in recent years for the failure of marriages formalized following a judicial process.

Data source(s) used: Marriage dissolution and termination of marriage civil effects (divorces): Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Other data characteristics: Early leavers from education and training denotes the proportion of the population aged 18 to 24 with at most a lower secondary education (ISCED-97 levels 1, 2 or 3c short) who are no longer in further education or training (during the last four weeks preceding the survey); the denominator consists of the total population of the same age group, excluding non-response.

Data source(s) used: Economic outcomes of agricultural holdings Economic sample survey. Object of the survey are the economic results of farms: costs, stocks , purchases and sales of fixed assets, re-utilization, revenues, self-consumption, contributions to companies, labor costs and income of agricultural households. Other data characteristics: Production, value added, gross operating profit are expressed at basic prices

Data source(s) used: Data source: OECD Education at a glance (annually published) containing detailed analysis of several internationally comparable indicators of human capital.For further details please see the volume on the site: www.oecd.org

Educational Indicators of Italy

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Labour input: the main definitions on labour inputs (ESA95) concern persons employed, jobs and full time equivalent. In the system of national accounts, these concepts are defined on the base of economic territory and centre of interest. Labour inputs have to be classified on the base of the economic activity unit at local level and of the institutional unit. The Italian approach to the labour inputs estimates allows to calculate the jobs and the corresponding full time equivalent, that represent the transformation to full-time of jobs for different working categories (registered, unregistered, main, multiple) detectable by integrating and comparing different statistical sources or by using indirect estimating methods.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Labour input: the main definitions on labour inputs (ESA95) concern persons employed, jobs and full time equivalent. In the system of national accounts, these concepts are defined on the base of economic territory and centre of interest. Labour inputs have to be classified on the base of the economic activity unit at local level and of the institutional unit. The Italian approach to the labour inputs estimates allows to calculate the jobs and the corresponding full time equivalent, that represent the transformation to full-time of jobs for different working categories (registered, unregistered, main, multiple) detectable by integrating and comparing different statistical sources or by using indirect estimating methods.

Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Labour input: the main definitions on labour inputs (ESA2010) concern persons employed, jobs and full time equivalent. In the system of national accounts, these concepts are defined on the base of economic territory and centre of interest. Labour inputs have to be classified on the base of the economic activity unit at local level and of the institutional unit. The Italian approach to the labour inputs estimates allows to calculate the jobs and the corresponding full time equivalent, that represent the transformation to full-time of jobs for different working categories (registered, unregistered, main, multiple) detectable by integrating and comparing different statistical sources or by using indirect estimating methods.Population:According to national accounts, the total population on a given date consists of national or foreign persons settled permanently in the economic territory of Italy, even if they are temporarily absent from it. A person who is staying, or intends to stay, on the economic territory of the country for one year or more is regarded as permanently settled there. A person is regarded as being temporarily absent if he or she is permanently settled in the country but is staying, or intends to stay, abroad for a period of less than one year. An annual average of head counts provides an appropriate basis for international comparisons and it is used as denominator of per capita values of important aggregates as GDP, gross national income, final consumption expenditure of households.For the years 2002- 2013, the average annual population used in national accounts is not the legal population but it has been obtained by a statistical reconstruction (“Ricostruzione statistica delle serie regionali di popolazione del periodo 1/1/2002 – 1/1/2014” http://www.istat.it/it/archivio/145206) disseminated on January 2015 and used as a reference for the main macroeconomic aggregates and indicators. The statistical reconstruction of population by regions was carried out in order to avoid the effects of changes in the population count mainly due to administrative purposes and that produce an adjustment of the population register after the Census. In particular, the revision of the population register after the 2011 Census of Population was due to the re-registration in 2012 of persons cancelled from the register according to the census results and to the recovery in 2013 of persons actually resident in the municipality but not surveyed by the population census; these phenomena caused a sudden increase of the legal population after the census year.From 1 January 2014 onwards, data have been aligned to the results of the following demographic surveys: "Surveys on the movement and calculation of the resident population" and "Surveys on the age structure of the resident population".

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Since being introduced at the beginning of the 1950s, the survey has played a primary role in the statistical documentation and analysis of the employment situation in Italy and has proven to be an indispensable instrument of knowledge for public decision-makers, the media and citizens alike. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source (s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: The Energy Balance is the accounting tool used to quantify the flows of each primary energy source derived, in all phases, from production or importation of energy sources right up to the final uses in each economic sector. In the Italian National energy balance (BEN) the quantity of energy produced, imported, transformed and consumed in a year is calculated for each energy source in the national territory. The BEN is drawn up and published in a yearly basis by the current Ministry of Economic Development (MSE) according to the methodology set down by European regulations on energy statistics.

Data source(s) used: Energy use data reported in physical environmental accounts are calculated starting from a plurality of sources elaborated in particular by: Ministry of Economic Development (National Energy Balance - BEN; Quarterly Oil Bulletin), Terna (Annual Report on Electricity in Italy; Consumption of electricity by type of activity and type of market), Unione Petrolifera (Economic, energy and environmental statistics), ACI (fleet of vehicles), the Bank of Italy (international maritime transport), Istat (Survey on energy consumption - COEN, carried out in 2013 by Istat-MISE-ENEA; Agriculture Economic accounts; Survey on air transport). Other data characteristics: Data on energy use are gross of transformations, i.e. the energy incorporated in the products used to be transformed into other energy products is also counted in the various uses of the derivative products (for example, the energy counted in the crude oil used to produce motor gasoline is recounted in the use of petrol for transport; the energy incorporated in the products used for the production of electricity is also counted in the phase in which the electricity itself is used; etc.). This results in a phenomenon of double counting of the same energy in different phases of the economic cycle (basically during production/processing phase and consumption phase), that is most relevant, the more the data are aggregated (by type of energy product, by type of use and/or by economic activity). It follows that:- for economic activities as a whole, the 'total use of energy products' is strongly affected by double counting, however, if we consider the individual types of energy use, the data do not present the phenomenon of double counting in the case of 'heating', 'transport', 'transformation into electricity' and 'non-energy use', while the phenomenon does occur, marginally, in the case of 'other energy use with combustion' and 'energy use without combustion';- for individual economic activities, the same considerations as for economic activities as a whole are valid, but the disaggregation by activity considerably attenuates the phenomenon of double counting of energy;- for households, the figures are not affected by double counting as households do not perform any type of transformation of energy products.: Terajoule

Data source(s) used: The statistical business register Asia-employment The statistical business register Asia-employment contains details on the employment of units covered by the business register Asia; since it was set-up in 2011, in the occasion of the Italian “virtual” economic census CIS2011, it is yearly updated. It is organized according to a LEED structure (Linked Employer Employee Database) that brings together information from both sides of the enterprise, individual (workers) and job relation classified according to the international standards on employment, in the reference year. The register Asia-employment contains information on the enterprise, i.e. those characteristics already registered in the Business register Asia, the individual and the main job variables by job typologies. In specific, employment is formed by internal, employees and self-employed, and so-called external workers of an enterprise which represents all people that, not classified as employees or self-employment participate to the productive process of the enterprise on the base of a contract. The group of external workers contains also those temporary workers which can be utilized from a temporary employment agency. Employment is measured in terms of yearly average of job positions, calculated on the base of the presence of the worker in the week of reference of each month. With regards to variables, worker’s characteristics such as sex, age, nationality and education are available for all the typologies; job variables vary according to the job typologies. Available variables are: professional status, type of contract, beneficiary of active labor policies, for employees; self-employment in strict sense and contributing family workers, for total self-employment; class of remuneration, type of contract and period of work, for external “parasubordinati” workers; period of work, for temporary workers.From the 2014 version three more innovations have been introduced: 1-The link with SIM (Microdata Integrated System) so that unique identification codes are attributed to each individual-worker. SIM is a centralized system that integrates and stores all administrative data feeding the base Registers. Specifically, the non-invariant character of the workers (gender, age and place of birth) is derived from SIM. This integration ensures that processing of microdata of workers is carried out in compliance with the current legislation on the protection of personal data. 2-For the attribution of the variable “beneficiary of contributory reliefs”, the target typology “youth” was classified by using the information both on the contribution type and on the apprenticeship: i) Apprenticeship for qualification and for professional diploma, ii) Apprenticeship or professional contract, iii) Apprenticeship with high education and research. The classification changes according to the evolution of labor policies regulation 3-The classification of education for the individuals-workers is the result of a procedure that integrates the education levels obtained at the 2011 Population Census with the Istat data base on Education Information (BIT) yearly updated with administrative sources. The information on education in Asia-employmentEducation is a hierarchic variable assigned to each individual-worker at two levels of classification. At first level, educational attainment is represented by 8 modalities, not availability is one of them: no formal education and primary school certificatediploma of lower secondary educationupper secondary school certificatediploma of upper secondary educationuniversity degree (2-3 years) old programme, first degree, first level academic diplomamaster's degree (second level - old and new programme) and second level academic diplomaresearch doctoral degreenot availableAt the second hierarchical level the following three first levels are classified into groups: diploma of upper secondary education, into 3 groups in addition to the not available mode university degree (2-3 years) old programme, first degree, first level academic diploma, into 18 groups such as AFAM first level academic diploma, university degree (2-3 years), master’s degree (3 years), in addition to the not available modemaster's degree (second level - old and new programme) and second level academic diploma, into 16 groups such as AFAM second level academic diploma, master’s degree ((second level - old and new programme), in addition to the not available modeIt should be underlined that while offering relevant information potential, the first and second level of education attainment do not have total coverage in the Register. "Unavailable" mode indicates the missing worker’s education due to a lack of information in the database.

Data source(s) used: Labour cost survey: Istat disseminates the main results of the Labour cost survey (LCS), with reference to the year 2008 (the survey is carried out every four years) according to the requirements of Council Regulation 530/99 and Commission Regulation n. 1737/2005. The objective of this legislation is to provide accurate and harmonised data in EU Member States. Labour cost survey includes compensation of employees (wages and salaries and employers' social contributions), vocational training costs, and other expenditures such as recruitment costs and other costs (related to employing labour) paid by the employers. The data for LCS 2008 refers to enterprises and institutions with at least ten employees, belonging to the sections of NACE Rev. 2 from B to S excluding O. All variables are broken down by enterprise size category, economic activity and region (NUTS at 1-digit level). The final estimates resulted from an integration approach based on Istat statistical sources, administrative files and tax data.

Data source(s) used: Small and medium enterprise survey -SME (including professional and artistic activities):The sample survey on the small and medium enterprises (SME) covers the population of enterprises with 1 to 99 persons employed and answers to the request of SBS EU Council Regulation n. 58/97 (until the reference year 2007 in Nace Rev.1.1) and SBS EU Council Regulation n. 295/2008 (starting from the reference year 2008 in Nace Rev.2). The observation unit is the enterprise and the frame is represented by the Italian business register (Asia). The sampling design is a one stage stratified random sampling, with the strata defined by the combination of economic activity, size class of persons employed and administrative region. The main variables collected annually by an electronic questionnaire regard business competitivity, employment, personnel cost, investments. The data collected is treated with statistical procedures for assuring consistency and coherence and non-response technique, by integrating data from administrative sources. The estimation methodology is based on calibration, by using known totals from the business register (the number of the persons employed and enterprises).Survey on enterprise accounting system: The Survey on Economic and financial accounts of large enterprises covers all enterprises operating in Italy with at least 100 persons employed and concerns all enterprises of industrial and services sectors excluding financial services The survey collects data concerning profit-and-loss accounts and balance sheets and data about KAU (Kind of Activity Units) . Moreover, information regarding employment, investment and personnel costs are requested. The survey is carried out according to the normative guidelines of the EC Structural Business Statistics (SBS) Regulation N 295/2008. The questionnaires is electronic.

Data source(s) used: Small and medium enterprise survey -SME (including professional and artistic activities):The sample survey on the small and medium enterprises (SME) covers the population of enterprises with 1 to 99 persons employed and answers to the request of SBS EU Council Regulation n. 58/97 (until the reference year 2007 in Nace Rev.1.1) and SBS EU Council Regulation n. 295/2008 (starting from the reference year 2008 in Nace Rev.2). The observation unit is the enterprise and the frame is represented by the Italian business register (Asia). The sampling design is a one stage stratified random sampling, with the strata defined by the combination of economic activity, size class of persons employed and administrative region. The main variables collected annually by an electronic questionnaire regard business competitivity, employment, personnel cost, investments. The data collected is treated with statistical procedures for assuring consistency and coherence and non-response technique, by integrating data from administrative sources. The estimation methodology is based on calibration, by using known totals from the business register (the number of the persons employed and enterprises).Survey on enterprise accounting system: The Survey on Economic and financial accounts of large enterprises covers all enterprises operating in Italy with at least 100 persons employed and concerns all enterprises of industrial and services sectors excluding financial services The survey collects data concerning profit-and-loss accounts and balance sheets and data about KAU (Kind of Activity Units) . Moreover, information regarding employment, investment and personnel costs are requested. The survey is carried out according to the normative guidelines of the EC Structural Business Statistics (SBS) Regulation N 295/2008. The questionnaires is electronic. Other data characteristics: Size class of persons employeed 0-1 and 2-9 are only for the areas of trade and services

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: University degree courses: The survey is carried out by Ministry of University and Research (Reference date: 31 July). Data concern enrolments, entrants and graduates by single course.Short university courses: The survey is carried out by Ministry of University and Research (Reference date: 31 July). Data concern enrolments, entrants and graduates by single course (short university courses - old programme)

Data source(s) used: The main data sources for the compilation of environmental protection expenditure accounts’ aggregates are: a) National Accounts – primarily supply and use tables, General Government expenditure by function (COFOG), gross fixed capital formation by industry , b) survey data – enterprises’ environmental protection expenditure collected through the Survey on Economic and financial accounts of large enterprises and the sample Survey on the small and medium enterprises; for some environmental protection estimates, ad hoc methodologies are applied to ensure consistency between survey data and National Accounts. Other data characteristics: Environmental protection expenditure accounts present - in a way that is compatible with the concepts and principles of the European System of Accounts (ESA) - data on the economic resources devoted by resident units to environmental protection. Environmental protection includes all activities and actions which have as their main purpose the prevention, reduction and elimination of pollution and of any other degradation of the environment. Those activities and actions include all measures taken in order to restore the environment after it has been degraded. Activities which, while beneficial to the environment, primarily satisfy the technical needs or the internal requirements for hygiene or safety and security of an enterprise or other institution are excluded from this definition. Also excluded the prevention of natural disasters and risks (landslides, floods, etc) and activities related to natural resources managements, like energy saving or savings in the use of natural resources as raw materials. Data are compliant with the requirements of the Eu Regulation No 538/2014 on European environmental economic accounts (amending Regulation No 691/2011). The following characteristics are covered which are defined in accordance with ESA:— output of environmental protection services (market output, non-market output and output of ancillary activities) — intermediate consumption of environmental protection services by specialist producers,— imports and exports of environmental protection services,— valued added tax (VAT) and other taxes less subsidies on products on environmental protection services,— gross fixed capital formation and acquisitions less disposals of non-financial non-produced assets for the production of environmental protection services,— final consumption of environmental protection services,— environmental protection transfers (received/paid).The characteristics are broken down by:•type of producers/consumers of environmental protection services: A) general government (including non-profit institutions serving households) and corporations as institutional sectors producing environmental protection services;B) households, general government and corporations as consumers of environmental protection services;C) the rest of the world as beneficiary, or origin, of transfers for environmental protection.•classes or grouping of classes of the classification of environmental protection activities (CEPA).

Data source(s) used: Environmental tax revenue by category: Environmental taxes, as part of the more general group of taxes, are compulsory payments to the government, where the benefits provided to the taxpayer are not directly linked to the payment. A tax is defined as an environmental tax if its base is ‘a physical unit (or a proxy of it) of something that has a proven, specific negative impact on the environment’. This approach, consistent with the international guidelines on environmental taxes, assigns primary importance to the tax base in deciding whether a tax is environmental or not, while the purpose stated by the tax legislator is not relevant. Hence, environmental taxes include both instruments designed with an environmental motivation and instruments with a different stated purpose. The ‘General Government aggregates and Accounts’ (Conti ed aggregati economici delle Amministrazioni pubbliche) produced by Istat National Accounts, are the main source of environmental tax revenue data. The revenue raised by a specific environmental instrument is in some cases singled out within the released General Government accounts , while in other cases is part of the revenue raised by a broader tax Environmental taxes Italy are grouped – consistently with international guidelines – into four categories: energy, transport, pollution, resources.Energy taxes include all taxes on energy products used for both transport (mainly petrol and diesel) and stationary purposes (mainly fuel oils, natural gas, coal and electricity). CO2-taxes are also included under energy taxes rather than under pollution taxes as they are often introduced as a substitute for other energy taxes.Transport taxes mainly include taxes related to the ownership and use of motor vehicles. Taxes on other transport equipment (e.g. planes), and related transport services are also included here, to the extent that they are consistent with the general definition of environmental taxes.Pollution taxes include taxes on measured or estimated emission to air and water, management of solid waste and noise. As already mentioned CO2-taxes are included under energy taxes.Resource taxes include fiscal instruments related to the intake of natural resources. In Italy, there are no environmental taxes belonging to this category.Data by paying unit:Units paying environmental taxes include resident economic activities producing goods and services, resident households or non residents; if part of the revenue cannot be allocated to a specific unit this is presented as 'not allocated'. Environmental taxes paid by economic activities: For resident economic activities producing goods and services, data are broken down by the classification of economic activities NACE Rev.2Environmental tax revenue by CEPA class: Environmental taxes can be broken down by CEPA class (Classification of Environmental Protection Activities and expenditures): 1. Protection of ambient air and climate, 2. Wastewater management, 3. Waste management, 4. Protection and remediation of soil, groundwater and surface water, 5. Noise and vibration abatement, 6. Protection of biodiversity and landscape, 7. Protection against radiation, 8. Research and development, 9. Other environmental protection activities.Environmental tax revenue by earmarking: Depending on the use of the revenue, two kinds of environmental taxes are distinguished:• specific taxes, or earmarked taxes, i.e. taxes whose revenue is used to finance environmental protection expenditure;• other environmental taxes, i.e. taxes whose revenue is NOT earmarked for environmental protection expenditure. Other data characteristics: Due to data rounding, sometimes the sum of numbers displayed does not exactly equal the total.

Data source(s) used: INPSInstitute administrative archiveThe generation is formed by the workers of the year. By the following year and until the last was determined based on the condition last year and information on the following hierarchy in case of concurrent positions: deceased, retired (only if the holder of a retirement pension / retirement / disability or a disability allowance), dependent, independent, non-Social Security worker, unemployed / on the move, finally, was considered silent if none of these conditions was evaluated.

Data source(s) used: INPSInstitute administrative archiveThe generation is formed by the workers of the year. By the following year and until the last was determined based on the condition last year and information on the following hierarchy in case of concurrent positions: deceased, retired (only if the holder of a retirement pension / retirement / disability or a disability allowance), dependent, independent, non-Social Security worker, unemployed / on the move, finally, was considered silent if none of these conditions was evaluated.

Data source(s) used: The source of the cross-country indicators is OECD: "Education at a glance". For further details please see the publication at the link www.oecd.org. The source of the final consumption expenditure by general government on education and training by region is Istat: regional economic accounts.

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building.

Data source(s) used: Balance sheets of public bodies/institutions:Istat publishes data on balance sheets of public bodies/institutions (expenditures)

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheets of agencies for the right to university study,Final balance sheet of provinces and metropolitan cities,Final balance sheet of municipalities,Final balance sheet of mountain communities,Final balance sheet of autonomous regions and provinces,Final balance sheet of union of municipalities,The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual systemBalance sheet of public and private bodies/institutions: This survey was previously named "Survey on final balance sheet of public bodies/institutions: provincial tourist boards and tourist promotion offices".

Data source(s) used: Survey on agricultural holding structure and outputMonitoring of the structure and of the evolution in time of agricultural holdings by collecting data related to areas cultivated with different crops, livestock dimensions, organizational forms, relationships of agricultural holdings with the market, etc.

Data source(s) used: Live births registered in the population register: Individual and total survey of live births resident in the municipality at the population register in which the same are registered. It contains variables of socio-demographic interest about newborn (gender, date and place of birth, citizenship) and his mother and father (date of birth, citizenship, marital status) and about the head of family data (address, total components in his family, minors components in his family)Others data sources used:Migration and calculation of yearly resident populationResident municipal population by age, sex and marital statusMigration and calculation of foreign resident population and structure by citizenshipMunicipal resident foreign population by sex and year of birth

Data source(s) used: Regional fertility tables: The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system. Other data characteristics: Since 1964 data on Molise and Abruzzo are separated; before that date, data referred to 'Abruzzo' includes also data on Molise. The latest cohorts are incomplete as mothers have not yet finished the reproductive ages. This indication should be taken into account in particular when synthetic indicators are displayed (total fertility rate and mean age at childbearing, by birth order as well).

Data source(s) used: Survey on the supply of fertilizers for agricultural use (fertilizers, soil conditioners and improvers)

Data source(s) used: Data source(s) usedThe source of data is OECD (PISA - Programme for international student assessment). The PISA survey aims to evaluate education systems every 3 years by assessing 15-years-olds' competencies in the key subjects: reading, mathematicas and science. The first Italian survey was in 2000 and it was conducted by Invalsi and the source is OECD/Invalsi- Pisa.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Final consumption expenditure by general government It includes two categories of expenditures: a) The value of the goods and services produced by general government itself other than own-account capital formation and sales; b) Purchases by general government of goods and services produced by market producers that are supplied to households – without any transformation – as social transfers in kind. This implies that general government just pays for goods and services that the sellers provide to households. It provides a breakdown of government expenditure according to their function. To meet this end, economic flows of expenditure must be aggregated according to the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG).

Final Consumption Expenditure of Households, Annual, Italy Data source (s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (eg the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy). It consists of the expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad.

Final Consumption Expenditure of Households, Quarterly, Italy Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Household consumption: It consists of the expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad. It presents the final consumption expenditure of households broken down by the COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose) classification and by durability.

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for blue and white-collar worker households: It refers to consumption of households whose reference person is an employee. It is used to updated periodically monetary values. Other data characteristics: In regard to provincial data, for some provincial capitals, the annual average index can be not calculated if, in one or more months of the year, the corresponding monthly index has not been calculated due to the interruption of survey operations or the non abidance of the rules and the quality standards established by Istat. Such situation are marked with flag g

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for blue and white-collar worker households: It refers to consumption of households whose reference person is an employee. It is used to updated periodically monetary values. Other data characteristics: In regard to provincial data, in some months and for some provincial capitals, the index can be not calculated due to the interruption of survey operations or the non abidance of the rules and the quality standards established by IstatSuch situation are marked with flag g

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for blue and white-collar worker households: It refers to consumption of households whose reference person is an employee. It is used to updated periodically monetary values.

Data source(s) used: Istat, Administrative units boundaries and territorial bases: Istat disseminates all yearly based data (starting from 2002) of administrative units boundaries for statistical purposes, with reference to the 1 of January for each year. The only temporal exceptions concern the data of the census years (1991, 2001 and 2011) released on the date of the census. The boundaries of administrative units for statistical purposes consist of four hierarchical levels (geographical breakdowns, regions, provinces and municipalities) with national coverage; for the census years the special areas (areas in dispute and administrative islands) are also reported.ISPRA Report on hydrogeological disruption: The Report on hydrogeological disruption in Italy provides the updated reference framework on the danger to landslides and floods throughout the country. The Report updates the national maps of the landslide hazard of the Hydrogeological Structure Plans (PAI) and of the hydraulic hazard according to the Scenarios of Legislative Decree 49/2010 (implementation of the 2007/60 / EC Floods Directive), implemented by ISPRA through the harmonization and the mosaic of the areas bordered by the River Basin Authority. Other data characteristics: The national total area can be different in years due to the rounding off in the calculation method and the reference census base.As fa as ISPRA data are concerned, the areas with high hydraulic hazard P3 with return times between 20 and 50 years are not available for the territory of the former Regional Authority of Marche Region. The low P1 hydraulic hazard areas are not available for the territory of the former Marche Regional Basin Authority, former Conca-Marecchia Basin Authority and former Authority of the Romagnoli Regional Basins with the exception of the coastal marine areas, and for the irrigation network and reclamation of the territory of the Po basin falling within the Emilia-Romagna Region.Such situation are marked with flag u

Data source(s) used: University degree courses: Data source is a database, (National Archive of Students), managed by Ministry of Education, University and Research. Data concern enrolments, entrants and graduates by single course. Short university courses: The survey is carried out by Ministry of University and Research (Reference date: 31 July). Data concern enrolments, entrants and graduates by single course (short university courses - old programme). These courses have been cancelled by the reform law n. 509 of 1999. The latest data available refer to the academic year 2010/2011. Other data characteristics: Data refer only to the universities having graduates in the reference year.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities. Other data characteristics: The reformulation of the questionnaire (from 2011) has resulted in significant changes in the definition of classes of urban green under investigation , making it impossible to compare the figures for the period 2000-2010 with those for subsequent years from 2011 .

Data source(s) used: Starting from September 23 2019, the time series of national accounts, based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010), have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources. The revision took place in coordination with other European countries. The previously diffused series are available in the sections “Quarterly accounts in the 2014 version” and “Quarterly accounts in the 2011 and 2005 versions” of this same site..Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Gross domestic product at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units.By deducting consumption of fixed capital from GDP, we obtain net domestic product at market prices (NDP).Output-based GDP: is the sum of the gross values added of all resident producers at basic prices, plus all taxes less subsidies on products.Income-based GDP: is compensation of employees, plus taxes less subsidies on production and imports, plus gross mixed income, plus gross operating surplus.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).GDP and expenditure components: It shows among the resources gross domestic product at market prices and imports; while the uses include final consumption, gross capital formation and exports.Production accounts: It shows the transactions relating to the production process proper. Its resources include output and taxes less subsidies on products, and its uses include intermediate consumption. The balance of this account is value added at an aggregate level, it can be used to obtain GDP.Generation of income account: It shows the destination of domestic product (NDP) to compensation of employees and indirect taxes less subsidies. It allows to calcolate the operating surplus that corresponds to the income which the units obtain from their own use of their production facilities.Allocation of primary income account: It shows how to arrive to net national income. It lists under resources: operating surplus, national compensation of employees, indirect taxes paid to the rest of the world, taxes less subsidies on production and imports, capital transfer receivable from the rest of the world.Secondary distribution of income account: It records the operations of redistribution performed by taxes, contributions, social benefits and other transfers with the Rest of the world. It allows to calcolate national disposable income.Use of disposable income account It shows the allocation of national disposable income between national final consumption expenditure and net national saving.Capital account: It records acquisitions less disposals of non-financial assets (mainly gross capital formation), measuring the change in net worth due to saving and capital transfers. The balance of this account is net lending or borrowing.International transactions account: It records all operations of distribution and redistribution occurring between residents and non residents. It allows to obtain net lending or borrowing towards the rest of the world.

Gross Domestic Product Supply Side, Annual, Italy Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Output-based GDP: is the sum of the gross values added of all resident producers at basic prices, plus taxes (including VAT, import taxes, taxes on products less subsidies on products).

Gross Domestic Product Supply Side, Quarterly, Italy Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Output-based GDP: is the sum of the gross values added of all resident producers at basic prices, plus all taxes less subsidies on products.

Data source(s) used: Starting from September 23 2019, the time series of national accounts, based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010), have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources. The revision took place in coordination with other European countries. The previously diffused series are available in the sections “Quarterly accounts in the 2014 version” and “Quarterly accounts in the 2011 and 2005 versions” of this same site.GDP and expenditure components: It shows among the resources gross domestic product at market prices and imports; while the uses include final consumption, gross capital formation and exports.Contributions to GDP growth:The lack of additivity of volume measures also impacts on the calculation of contributions to GDP growth. The technique adopted by ISTAT to compute contributions to growth is based on the series evaluated at PYP. Given the additivity property of such series, for quarters 2 to 4, the quarter-on-quarter contribution to GDP growth of a component X in quarter t is given by:ContCX(t) = [XPYP(t) – XPYP(t-1)] / GDPPYP(t-1),where XPYP and GDPPYP are the component X and the GDP, respectively, evaluated at previous year prices. The last expression is not correct for the first quarter of the year as it is evaluated at prices of year T-1 while the previous quarter (the fourth quarter of T-1) is evaluated at prices of year T-2. The correct expression is given byContCX(t) = [XPYP(t) – XPYP(t-1) • [XDef(T-1)/ XDef (T-2]] / GDPPYP(t-1) • [GDPDef(T-1)/GDPDef(T-2)] where XDef and GDPDef are the annual deflators of the component X and of GDP, respectively.Analogously, the contribution of the component X to the year-on-year GDP growth is given by:ContTX(t) = [XPYP(t) – XPYP(t-4) • [XDef(T-1)/XDef(T-2)]] / GDPPYP(t-4) • [GDPDef(T-1)/ GDPDef(T-2)].

Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Gross domestic product at market prices is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units.By deducting consumption of fixed capital from GDP, we obtain net domestic product at market prices (NDP).Output-based GDP: is the sum of the gross values added of all resident producers at basic prices, plus all taxes less subsidies on products.Expenditure-based GDP: is total final expenditures at purchasers'' prices (including the f.o.b. value of exports of goods and services), less the f.o.b value of imports of goods and services.Income-based GDP: is compensation of employees, plus taxes less subsidies on production and imports, plus gross mixed income, plus gross operating surplus.'

Data source(s) used: OROS Survey (Employment, earnings and social security contributions): The Oros survey is aimed at producing quarterly indicators on gross wages, other labour costs and total labour cost for firms with at least one employee. To reduce the statistical burden on enterprises, Oros survey uses data from pre-existent statistical surveys and from administrative sources. Oros indicators are estimated by the integration of Social Security data (employers’ social contribution declarations to Inps, the Italian Social Security Institution) and monthly Large firms Survey data (LES). The Oros target population are enterprises and private institutions with employees that, in the reference quarter, have paid wages and salaries subjected to social contributions and classified in the sectors of industry (sections B to F of the Nace Rev. 2) and services (G to N of the Nace Rev. 2). Each quarter, Oros survey releases a provisional estimate on the current quarter and a final estimate related to the same quarter of the preceding year. The provisional estimate is released with a delay of about 70 days after the end of the reference period and can be revised for the next three quarters until the final estimate release, after 12 months. The final estimate is required to incorporate the new information available after the provisional estimate. The discrepancy between the preliminary estimate and the final one depends on many different factors: - quality and completeness of the final version of the administrative micro data improve with respect to the preliminary version; - the annual revision of the LES data referred to the previous year, included in the OROS estimates in the delivery of the first quarter; – updating of structural variables based on other external sources (e.g. Nace Rev. 2 economic activity classification and institutional nature, etc.); - occasional methodological revisions of the indicators’ estimate.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: Gross fixed capital formation:consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy). In the next months, the transition to the new nomenclatures will be completed with the quarterly time series, the regional accounts, and the accounts by institutional sector.Gross fixed capital formation: Gross fixed capital formation consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units.Consumption of fixed capital: Consumption of fixed capital represents the amount of fixed assets used up, during the period under consideration, as a result of normal wear and tear and foreseeable obsolescence, including a provision for losses of fixed assets as a result of accidental damage which can be insured against.Gross capital stock: Gross capital stock refers to the cumulative flow of volume investments, corrected for retirement. In the gross stock, assets are treated as new until they are retired: it is assumed that they retain their full productive capacity until removed from the stock.Net capital stock: Net capital stock is the sum of the written-down values of all the fixed assets still in use; it can also be described as the difference between gross capital stock and consumption of fixed capital.

Data source(s) used: Residential care facilities:The Residential Facilities Survey, conducted annually by Istat since2009, gathers information on admissions to residential facilities and their residents, producing data on the structure of the institutions, staff, recipients and economic information. The aim of the survey is to describe the supply of residential facilities from both a qualitative and quantitative perspective. Other data characteristics: The total of the absolute values ??may not match due to rounding.

Data source(s) used: The compilation of the System of Health Accounts is based on the integration of administrative data and samples. The sources used are • Istat sources:- Final consumption expenditure by general government, according to ESA 2010 and to classification COFOG (Classification of the Functions of Government), division 7 'Health'; - Households' final consumption expenditure in healthcare according to ESA 2010 and to the classification COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose);- National Accounts, Final consumption of non-profit Institutions serving households (NPISH);- Survey on households: health conditions and use of medical services;-Household Budget Survey (HBS).• Ministry of health sources:- Assistance Level Costs (LA) forms, survey on expenditures of Local Health Units (LHUs) by health care level (Livelli Assistenza-LA);- National Information Dependency System (SIND);- Mental health information system (SISM);- Information system for assistance monitoring in Emergency-Urgency (EMUR);- Survey forms on management and economic activities of LHUs (Form STS11 -"Dati anagrafici delle strutture sanitarie" and form STS21 - "Assistenza specialistica territoriale - Attività clinica, di laboratorio, di diagnostica per immagini e di diagnostica strumentale"-HSP24 "Day hospital, nido, pronto soccorso, sale operatorie, ospedalizzazione domiciliare e nati immaturi");-Information system for monitoring direct and behalf distribution of medicines (Distribuzione diretta e distribuzione per conto-DD);- Hospital discharge form (SDO).• Other sources:- Bank of Italy: Survey on international tourism;- Insurance Supervision Institute (IVASS): Financial Statements of Insurance Corporations;- Italian Revenue Agency - Business Sector Studies (Studi di Settore);- Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA), The Medicines Utilisation Monitoring Centre (OsMed) and IMSHealth.

Data source(s) used: The English description of the source is not available at this time

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices: Calculated according to the EU regulations in force, it is used for the comparison of inflation between European Member States.

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices at constant tax rates: The HICP-CT provides a measure of the teorical impact of changes of indirect taxes (e.g. VAT and excise duties) on the overall HICP inflation. It follows the same computation principles as the HICP.

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices: Calculated according to the EU regulations in force, it is used for the comparison of inflation between European Member States.

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices: Calculated according to the EU regulations in force, it is used for the comparison of inflation between European Member States.Consumer price index by population subgroups: The Consumer price indices by population subgroups are 'satellite' of the index of consumer prices (HICP): they are calculated using the same information base used for the HICP, the same basket and the same set of elementary indices of price, changing the structure of the weights used for their synthesis. The Consumer price indices by population subgroups have been calculated from January 2005, with reference base 2005=100 consistently with IPCA. In addition to the general index, are elaborated indexes of special aggregates. The dissemination of these indicators further expands the statistical information on the temporal dynamic of consumer prices, allowing an assessment of differential effects of inflation on specific subgroups identified on the basis of the level of total expenditure. Other data characteristics: The consumer price indices by population subgroups are “satellite” indices of the Harmonized index of consumer price (HICP): they are computed starting from the same basic information used for the HICP (i.e. the same basket of products and the same price elementary data) by modifying the system of weights used for their calculation.On 24 September 2012, HICP weight data set has been replaced cause, in the previous one, data were rounded using rounding rules not in keeping with those adopted for consumer price indices dissemination

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices at constant tax rates: The HICP-CT provides a measure of the teorical impact of changes of indirect taxes (e.g. VAT and excise duties) on the overall HICP inflation. It follows the same computation principles as the HICP.

Data source(s) used: Survey on educational and professional routes of upper secondary graduates: The survey explores the education and employment path of the upper secondary school graduates some years after graduation . It collects information on the type of studies conducted, on the occupational status, on the occupation performed, on income and job satisfaction. The survey is part of the survey-system on the study-to-work-transition, which also includes the survey on doctorate holders’ vocational integration and the one on university graduates’ vocational integration. Other data characteristics: In 2015, those who completed a high school diploma in 2011 were interviewed.

Data source(s) used: Survey on educational and professional routes of upper secondary graduates: The survey explores the education and employment path of the upper secondary school graduates some years after graduation . It collects information on the type of studies conducted, on the occupational status, on the occupation performed, on income and job satisfaction. The survey is part of the survey-system on the study-to-work-transition, which also includes the survey on doctorate holders’ vocational integration and the one on university graduates’ vocational integration. Other data characteristics: In 2015, those who completed a high school diploma in 2011 were interviewed.

Data source(s) used: Survey on educational and professional routes of upper secondary graduates: The survey explores the education and employment path of the upper secondary school graduates some years after graduation . It collects information on the type of studies conducted, on the occupational status, on the occupation performed, on income and job satisfaction. The survey is part of the survey-system on the study-to-work-transition, which also includes the survey on doctorate holders’ vocational integration and the one on university graduates’ vocational integration. Other data characteristics: In 2015, those who completed a high school diploma in 2011 were interviewed.

Data source(s) used: Household budget survey: The Household Budget Survey, conducted on a sample of about 24 thousand households, provides information on household expenditures for consumption and it also describes, analyses and explains expenditure behaviours of the households having residence in Italy. In 1997 the survey has been completely renewed. Other data characteristics: On 8 July 2015, estimates on household consumption expenditure based on the new Italian Household Budget Survey have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Processing of hospital discharge data Since 1995 the Hospital discharge form became the ordinary instrument to gather information on every patient discharged (including patients died in hospitals) from public and private hospital in the national territory.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of "Datasets for hospital beds" extracted from the Open Date of the Ministry of Health: All data concerning the Italian National Health System (public and the private "accredited") : Hospital facilities, activities, staffs and biomedical technologies.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of "Datasets for hospital beds" extracted from the Open Date of the Ministry of Health: All data concerning the Italian National Health System (public and the private "accredited") : Hospital facilities, activities, staffs and biomedical technologies.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises:Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S (excluding O) of Nace rev.2. Currently the large enterprises survey includes 1600 enterprises selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2013). The survey produces indicators useful for the short term analysis of the number of employed persons, hours worked, labour cost, salary and wages in large enterprises.Quarterly survey on job vacancies and hours worked:The survey, also referred to as VELA, measures quarterly job vacancies, stocks and flows of employment, hours worked and paid in enterprises with 10-499 employees in industry and services (sections B-S,excluding O, of Nace Rev. 2 classification).

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: House price index: The purpose of the survey is the production of the House Price Index (HPI). The index measures the evolution of market prices of all residential properties that are purchased by households (flats, detached houses, terraced houses, etc.), both new and existing, independently if bought for own-occupancy or as an investment. HPI covers transactions of dwellings carried out within the household sector and transactions made by the household sector with other institutional sectors. HPI compilation is based on final market prices that are paid by households and the price of land is included. HPI compilation is based on administrative data; in particular, dwelling prices are gathered from notaries deeds of sales data provided by Tax Office. Other data characteristics: HPI indices are released quarterly and they are calculated using a chained Laspeyres formula. The reference base year for all indices is 2010=100. For more information please refer to the Methodological note attached to the Press release reported in the Price Section of Istat website.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Household budget survey: The Household Budget Survey, conducted on a sample of about 24 thousand households, provides information on household expenditures for consumption and it also describes, analyses and explains expenditure behaviours of the households having residence in Italy. In 1997 the survey has been completely renewed. Other data characteristics: On 8 July 2015, estimates on household consumption expenditure based on the new Italian Household Budget Survey have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Household budget survey: The Household Budget Survey, conducted on a sample of about 24 thousand households, provides information on household expenditures for consumption and it also describes, analyses and explains expenditure behaviours of the households having residence in Italy. In 1997 the survey has been completely renewed. Other data characteristics: On 8 July 2015, estimates on household consumption expenditure based on the new Italian Household Budget Survey have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: The survey collect information on characteristics of the dwelling, the equipment of power plants available to households (home heating, water heating, cooling), equipment, fuel consumption and costs for biomass, lighting, appliances and expenses for energy use (electricity, natural gas, LPG, etc.).

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Household budget survey: The Household Budget Survey, conducted on a sample of about 24 thousand households, provides information on household expenditures for consumption and it also describes, analyses and explains expenditure behaviours of the households having residence in Italy. In 1997 the survey has been completely renewed. Other data characteristics: On 8 July 2015, estimates on household consumption expenditure based on the new Italian Household Budget Survey have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Survey on income and living conditions in immigrant families The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: The international estimates are produced by the OECD human capital project (2009-2012) made by an international consortium consisting of 16 OECD countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States), Russia and Romania; Eurostat and the ILO also participated in the consortium. The estimates refers to the lifetime income approach which is an income-based approach measuring the value of the total stock of HC embodied in individuals as the total discounted present value of the expected future incomes that could be generated over the lifetime of the people currently living (Jorgenson and Fraumeni, 1989;1992). The estimates of the project consider only the personal economic well-being generated through market activities by the working age population (15-64 year). HC measures presented related to the human resources that are used in a given county and year, rather than to the human resources that are available. The estimates, based on the earning of worker classified by the highest level of education achieved, may confound the effects of different factors impacting on earnings.The source for italian 2008 estimates is: Istat e-book (2014) "Il valore dello stock di capitale in Italia", link www.istat.itFor further informations see (in "Ready-made files"): LIU, G. (2011), Measuring the stock of human capital for comparative analysis: An Application of the Lifetime Income Approach to Selected Countries, STD/DOC (2011)6, OECD, Paris.

Data source(s) used: Survey on information and communication technology in enterprises: The survey covers the universe of enterprises with 10 or more persons employed active, according to the classification of economic activities adopted in Italy (Ateco 2002), in the areas of manufacturing (D), construction (F), wholesale and detail (G), hotels (H), transport, storage and communication (I), real estate activities, renting, research and development (K) and audiovisual (O). Since 2009, economic activities are those considered by the division 10 to 82 under the new Ateco 2007 (derived by Nace Rev. 2) classification (excluding the section K-Financial and insurance activities and division 75-veterinary services). Since 2010 is also considered the activity 951-repair of computers and communication equipment used for the calculation of the aggregate relating to the ICT sector. The object of the survey are the equipments of ICT enterprises and the measurement of e-commerce. The technique chosen is the investigation of a postal self-completion questionnaire on paper until 2005; since the year 2006 is also made available a web site for online completion of the questionnaire in pdf; since from 2009, the questionnaire is sent also in paper but only at the time of first reminder; since 2011 is no longer sent the paper questionnaire except upon the request of users and the compilation is done by filling in an electronic questionnaire. The sampling design used for the survey is stratified random type. Businesses universe were divided into homogeneous layers for level of economic activity, geographical area and number of employees. The estimation method used is based on the attribution to any undertaking by a factor, said final weight, which indicates how many are the exploits of population units represented by that respondent. The calculation of the final weights was performed using auxiliary variables as the number of firms and the number of employees, according to the information in the archive ASIA. The variables disseminated at regional level are only a subset of those available at the level of economic activity, number of persons employed and geographical area. Each year, the variables collected are defined at EU level and, apart from a few 'core' indicators 'core' that are annual or biannual, some topics are investigated each year with specific sections and they are not fully repeated in subsequent years. For this reason, some published indicators not have values in the subsequent years.

Data source(s) used: Dispatch/arrival of goods with EU Countries (Intrastat System)Special trade extra EU import-exportThe English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Survey on import price :The Survey collects mountly prices for goods and raw materials imported from other countries by industrial and commercial enterprises whose seat is in Italy. For more methodological details go to the Siqual system.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Production index - construction: The field of observation of the estimated index of production in construction (IPC) is all construction activities referred both to new and maintenance activity. The periodicity of the index was quarterly until the third quarter of 2010, after which began disseminating monthly. Due to the difficulty in doing a direct survey on building companies, an indirect methodology is used to calculate the IPC: output changes are calculated on the basis of a production function that combine the production inputs (working hours, intermediate inputs and physical capital). The production function is estimated using elementary enterprise data referred to the year 2005. This indirect approach is also recommended in Eurostat short-term statistics methodological to solve problems arising in measuring the output of the construction sector for the strong prevalence of small and very small building companies.Survey on building workers' welfare funds:Survey on working hours in construction sector. The survey is performed with a monthly frequency, and the data are one of the sources of the process “Index of production in construction”. This index is disseminated with a monthly frequency. The survey data are not released directly.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on retail sales: The retail trade monthly survey refers to retail trade enterprises. Sales of motor vehicles and fuel and repairs are also excluded.

Data source(s) used: Quarterly survey on turnover in the services: the quarterly survey on turnover of the services is a sampling survey aimed to produce short term indicators for the sectors considered. The survey has realized in accordance with EU Regulation on short term statistics (n.1165/98 EC, Annex D, referring "other services" and included in Statistic National Program. A provisional index is published about 60 days from reference period and it will be revised and published as definitive one about 160 days.

Data source(s) used: OROS Survey (Employment, earnings and social security contributions): The Oros survey is aimed at producing quarterly indicators on gross wages, other labour costs and total labour cost for firms with at least one employee. To reduce the statistical burden on enterprises, Oros survey uses data from pre-existent statistical surveys and from administrative sources. Oros indicators are estimated by the integration of Social Security data (employers’ social contribution declarations to Inps, the Italian Social Security Institution) and monthly Large firms Survey data (LES). The Oros target population are enterprises and private institutions with employees that, in the reference quarter, have paid wages and salaries subjected to social contributions and classified in the sectors of industry (sections B to F of the Nace Rev. 2) and services (G to N of the Nace Rev. 2). Each quarter, Oros survey releases a provisional estimate on the current quarter and a final estimate related to the same quarter of the preceding year. The provisional estimate is released with a delay of about 70 days after the end of the reference period and can be revised for the next three quarters until the final estimate release, after 12 months. The final estimate is required to incorporate the new information available after the provisional estimate. The discrepancy between the preliminary estimate and the final one depends on many different factors: - quality and completeness of the final version of the administrative micro data improve with respect to the preliminary version; - the annual revision of the LES data referred to the previous year, included in the OROS estimates in the delivery of the first quarter; – updating of structural variables based on other external sources (e.g. Nace Rev. 2 economic activity classification and institutional nature, etc.); - occasional methodological revisions of the indicators’ estimate.

Data source(s) used: Survey on induced abortions: In 1979 Istat, according to the law 194/78 on voluntary abortion, started the survey on induced abortion together with Regions and the Ministry of Health. Data are collected using an individual and anonymous form (Istat D.12) compiled by the doctor that makes the operation to terminate the pregnancy. In such form information about the woman and the pregnancy, and about the operation are requested. The first ones contain: date of birth; place of birth and place of residence; province of the operation; citizenship: marital status; educational level; work status (a woman has a "not occupational status" if she is an housewife, or a student, or a retired person, or if she is looking for her first job. A woman has an "occupational status" if she is actually working or if she is unemployed e.g. she has lost a previous job and she's looking for a new one); professional position; branch of economic activity; past reproductive history (number of live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, voluntary abortions); gestational age; presence of foetus malformations. Information about the operation are: date of pregnancy interruption; date of certification; authorization; urgency; approval for minors; place and type of operation; type of anaesthesia; type of hospitalization; length of stay in hospital; complications. Other data characteristics: For more details see the following documents:

Data source(s) used: Survey on induced abortions: In 1979 Istat, according to the law 194/78 on voluntary abortion, started the survey on induced abortion together with Regions and the Ministry of Health. Data are collected using an individual and anonymous form (Istat D.12) compiled by the doctor that makes the operation to terminate the pregnancy. In such form information about the woman and the pregnancy, and about the operation are requested. The first ones contain: date of birth; place of birth and place of residence; province of the operation; citizenship: marital status; educational level; work status (a woman has a "not occupational status" if she is an housewife, or a student, or a retired person, or if she is looking for her first job. A woman has an "occupational status" if she is actually working or if she is unemployed e.g. she has lost a previous job and she's looking for a new one); professional position; branch of economic activity; past reproductive history (number of live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, voluntary abortions); gestational age; presence of foetus malformations. Information about the operation are: date of pregnancy interruption; date of certification; authorization; urgency; approval for minors; place and type of operation; type of anaesthesia; type of hospitalization; length of stay in hospital; complications. Other data characteristics: With reference to "Not migrated" and "Emigrated" territory is referred to place of residence. With reference to "Immigrated" territory is referred to place of abortion.For more details see the following documents:

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on sales and orders:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Production price index for industrial products, Monthly survey on producer prices for industrial products sold on the external market, Monthly survey on producer prices for industrial products sold on the domestic market: the English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system.

Data source(s) used: Statistics by product (Prodcom) The english description of the source is not available

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4 and D.4 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B).

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4 and D.4 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B).

Data source(s) used: Community innovation survey: The Community Innovation Survey (CIS) was designed to complement the traditional indicators, such as R&D; expenditure and patent statistics, in the measurement of innovation. In particular, the CIS provides a sound statistical basis for better understanding the innovation process and its effects on the economy and for monitoring and evaluating the innovation policies of the Member States and the European Union. Since 2000 the CIS has become a major data source of the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS), an instrument developed at the initiative of the European Commission, under the Lisbon Strategy, to assess and compare the innovation performance of the EU Member States. The CIS provides the users with a number of indicators as well as data for analytical studies on several features of the innovation activity, such as product and process innovation, organisational and marketing innovation; innovation activities and expenditures; intellectual property rights, impact on turnover, and effects of innovation, sources of information, cooperation for innovation and the factors hampering innovation. It is conducted by EU Member States and candidate countries, plus Norway and Iceland under the co-ordination of Eurostat using a harmonised questionnaire and survey method which define the structure of the questions to be asked and the statistical methods to be used by the countries participating. The CIS 4 survey is based on Commission Regulation No 1450/2004, which establishes the legal basis for innovation statistics and makes it compulsory to deliver data on a number of basic variables. The methodological basis of the CIS is provided by the Oslo Manual, a joint publication by Eurostat and the OECD. The target population is represented by all the enterprises with at least 10 employees operating in manufacturing industries as well as in service sectors. A common set of methodology and a core questionnaire are defined and implemented in order to provide comparable, harmonised and representative data on a pan-European scale.Data here published refer to years 2010-2012, exept for innovation expenditure and turnover's shares from product innovations that are surveyed with reference of 2012. Other data characteristics: As a result of rounding the first decimal place, sometimes the sum of the percentages is not exactly equal to the total.

Data source(s) used: INPSArchives of INPS administrative complaints monthly salary (Emens):It provides information on social security taxable wages of employees, taxpayers INPS, limited to non-agricultural private sector and with the exclusion of domestic workers. The information concerns:• Average daily wages• Average annual wages and related Gini index• Amount of annual earnings deciles.

Data source(s) used: : INPSEmployers: Institute amministrative archive of monthly salary statements.Domestic workers: Institute amministrative archive;Agricultural workers: quarterly DMAG models

Data source(s) used: Establishment survey - Public Institutions Census:Census data limited to the institutional units (and their local units) belonging to the institutional sector of "General Government sector "(list S.13) released by Istat for 2011.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: aspects of daily life - general part: The sample survey "Aspects of daily life" is a part of an integrated system of social surveys - The Multipurpose Surveys on Household - and it collects fundamental information on individual and household daily life. From 1993 to 2003 the survey was conducted annually, with data collected during the month of November. In 2004 the survey did not take place and, starting from 2005, it was run every year in February. The survey provides information on the citizens' habits and the problems they face in every day life. In the questionnaires, the thematic areas are on different social aspects consenting to realize which is the quality of individual life, the degree of satisfaction of their conditions, their economic situation, the area in which they live, the functioning of all public utility services, all topics useful to study the quality of life. School, work, family and social life, spare time, political and social participation, health, life style, access to the services are all investigated from a point of view in which behaviour objectivity, motivations, opinions contribute to define the social information. The survey is included in The National Statistic Programme, which gathers the statistical investigations needed for the Country.

Data source(s) used: Open data on income tax return (MEF - Department of finance). In the statistical data base Income, IRAP (Regional Tax on Productive Ativities) and VAT tax returns for all types of taxpayers are taken into account. For Natural Persons only, the 730 e CU (Unique Certification) are also dealt with. The Statistical Data Base of the Declarations building implies two fundamental processes for data processing: control on the acquisition of what was declared by the tax payer and "validation". The database is part of the National Statistical Program. Other data characteristics: The national total of declared income tax (IRPEF) includes an item for "not identified" municipalities, not shown in the data.The variable frequency that does not exceed "3" and the corresponding amount are replaced with missing.Such situation are marked with flag c The zero values are assigned whenever the amount of the variable is less than the unit of measure the data are expressed in (euro).Such situation are marked with flag n

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises:Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to N of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2010); in 2010 large enterprises survey includes 1300 enterprises that represent 22.2 per cent of total employees in the register (16.5 per cent in industry and 26.7 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month.Quarterly survey on job vacancies and hours worked:The survey, also referred to as VELA, measures quarterly job vacancies, stocks and flows of employment, hours worked and paid in enterprises with less than 500 employees in industry and services (sections B-S of Nace Rev. 2 classification, with the exception of O). Starting from the I quarter of 2016 the collected data include also managers. The data collection is carried out via a quarterly online survey available at https://imprese.istat.it. The survey is needed to comply with: EC Regulation n. 1165/98 on short-term statistics, and implementing and updating regulations; EC Regulation n. 450/2003 on the labour cost index, and implementing and updating regulations; and EC Regulation n. 453/2008 on quarterly job vacancy statistics, and implementing regulations.

Data source(s) used: Euklems is a research project funded by the European Commission with the aim of creating a database on measures of economic growth, productivity, employment creation, capital formation and technological change at the industry level for all European Union member states from 1970 onwards. Euklems analyzes various categories of capital, labour, energy, material and service inputs.The project also includes data on employees and wages by industry, age, gender and level of specialization.For further details, see in the files ready for the use the file: "Definition of skill levels in Euklems Project". For further details, see the link: www.euklems.net

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: Data source: Oecd Education at a glance (annually publlished) containing detailed analysis of several internationally comparable indicators of human capital.For further details please see the volume available on the site www.oecd.org

Data source(s) used: External trade of alive animals Monthly data produced by COE with reference to the number of animals and their body weight are elaborated. Also the quantities of meat, traded across the border are processed. The species examined are: bovine, pigs, sheep and goats, poultry and horses. We distinguish intra-EU than with the rest of the world.

Data source(s) used: Livestock statistics on bovine, pigs, sheep and goats The survey on livestock is conducted on a sample survey and produce statistics on the number of bovine animals, pigs, sheep and goats. It has to be produced twice a year: 1° june and 1° december of each year on the basis of the European Regulation (the last one is Reg. (EC) No 1165/2008).

Data source(s) used: The data are based on the results of the Ministry of Health survey "Profit and loss account of local health units, hospital companies, university hospitals, general hospitals and hospitals with a scientific character".

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: time use The Time Use Survey falls within the System of Multipurpose Surveys on households. The main peculiarity of this survey is that by filling in a daily diary it’s possible to learn about the way in which each respondent allocates 24 hours (divided into 10 minute intervals) between the various daily activities, travel, places visited and people with which spends time. This survey is considered strategic for the knowledge of the organization of the lifetimes of the population in terms of gender, as it allows the study of gender roles in society and in the household. For this reason Italian lawmakers even decided to include an article in the Law n. 53 of 2000, which states: “The National Institute of Statistics (Istat) is to ensure, every five year, an informative flow on the population’s organization of the life times by means of the Time Use Survey, desegregating the information by gender and age”.

Data source(s) used: Lower secondary (public and private) school census: Data collected by Ministry of Education depicts consistency and characteristics of the lower secondary school, including the students enrolled and the school staff.

Data source(s) used: Marriages: The survey on marriages, was established in 1926. It's an individual and exhaustive survey, which collects the data of all the marriages celebrated in Italy and the socio-demographic characteristics of the spouses.The survey uses the Istat D.3 model, compiled by the officer of the municipality where the marriage was celebrated. The model is divided into two parts: the first one collects the information about the marriage: the date, the rite of celebration (religious or civil), and the common property regime chosen by the couple (joint or separated ownership of property); the second one collects information about the spouses: date of birth, place of birth, place of residence at the time of marriage, future place of residence of the spouses, marital status, level of education, occupational status, position in the profession, branch of economic activity, citizenship. Other data characteristics: The indicators that do not involve the use of the population (civil weddings - percentage values, joint ownership of property - percentages, marriages with at least one foreign spouse - percentages, second or later marriages - percentages) were calculated according to three different territorial classification:- According to the classification in force in 2017 (107 provinces);- According to the classification in force at the time of the Census of 2011 (110 provinces);- According to the classification in force in the year in which the marriage was celebrated, in the event that was different from that of 2017 and of the Census of 2011 (103 provinces for 2004 and 2005, 107 provinces for the years ranging from 2006 to 2009).

Data source(s) used: INPSArchives of INPS administrative: Beneficiaries of maternity and paternity leave and parental leave are of the following categories of workers:• employees• self-employed• parasubordinati workers (i.e. workers who pay payroll taxes to the so called Gestione separata, that is the separate management fund under article 2, paragraph 26 of law n.335/1995), who have no other source of income (job or pension)The statistical unit is represented by a worker who has benefited from the service at least once a year.Maternity and paternity leave is a financial benefit equal to 80% of the daily wage received in the last month of work and is scheduled for the entire period of compulsory leave, ranging from 2 months before the expected date of childbirth (or the previous month in the event of flexibility) at 3 months after delivery (or 4 months after the birth in case of flexibility).Parental leave is paid for voluntary abstention from work granted to mothers (for all categories of workers) and fathers (only for employees), including adoptive and foster parents, provided that throughout the period required the employment relationship is in place and that the child is living.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: health conditions and use of health services The survey is part of the system of the Multipurpose Surveys on households started in 1993 and is repeated every five years. The "Health conditions and use of health services" survey collects information on health status (presence of chronic diseases, disabilities), some determinants of health (smoking habits, overweight, physical activity, prevention), the use of health services (medical consultations, inpatient and day care hospitalizations, diagnostic tests). The latest edition of the survey was carried out between September 2012 and June 2013.

Data source(s) used: Persons registered in and cancelled from the population register due to change of residence:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Yearly survey on milk and dairy products The survey gathers data on collected milk and its use at a national level (dairy products: drinking milk, cheeses, butter, etc.).Monthly survey on milk and dairy products The monthly survey gathers data on milk quantity collected by farmers-milk producers and its use. The main selected variables are: collected cow’s milk, ewe’s milk, goat’s and buffalo’s milk; drinking milk, cream, fermented milk or yogurt, butter and cheeses, etc. The monthly survey is conducted according to a European directive and provisional data are directly transmitted to Eurostat and disseminated on-line in the agriculture and livestock information System.

Data source(s) used: Anthropic pressure and natural hazards. Mining and quarrying extraction activities: The survey aims to produce a complete knowledge framework on mining and quarrying extraction activities in Italy at regional scale, taking into account environmental pressures of exploitation of non-renewable natural resources and presence of extraction sites. Basic data are collected directly from local public institutions with competence within mining and quarrying extraction issue (Regions, Provinces, Autonomous Provinces and Sicily Mining Districts). According to minerals classification of the Royal Decree n. 1443 year 1927, data are collected on mineral resources from either quarries and mining. Data on about one hundred types of mineral resources are collected; energy-producing minerals extractions are not included, as out of competence of local public institutions. Statistics at regional level (NUTS 2) are provided on yearly base on presence, type (mining or quarrying) and status (active or no-active) of extraction sites, on extractions of mineral resources (either in weight and volume units) by mineral type.

Data source(s) used: : INPSInstitute administrative archive

Data source(s) used: INPSInstitute administrative archiveThe generation is formed by the new beneficiaries of mobility allowance of the year. By the following year and until the last year of observation was determined based on the condition last year and information on the following hierarchy in case of concurrent positions: deceased, retired (only if the holder of a retirement pension / retirement / disability or a disability allowance), dependent, independent, non-Social Security worker, unemployed / on the move, finally, was considered silent if none of these conditions was evaluated.

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4, D.5, D.4 bis and D.5 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B).

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4, D.5, D.4 bis and D.5 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B).

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4, e D.4 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B). Other data characteristics: For details on ICD codes see additional file

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Survey on museums and other cultural institutions The Italian National Institute of Statistics conducts a census on Museums and Similar Institutions. The census is promoted by the Economic Development Bureau’s Department of Policies for Development, in collaboration with Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau, Italian Regions and Independent Provinces. Aim of the research is obtaining and releasing data on Museums and similar institutions as picture galleries, archaeological areas, monuments, and other standing structures opened to the public. The National Institute of Statistics gathers the data on non-national museums and similar structures, while data gathering of national museums and similar structures depends on Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau. From 2012 edition, data gathering was carried out using a web questionnaire on the website: http://indata.istat.it. The research’s results are published on the Italian National Institute of Statistics’ website.

Data source(s) used: Survey on museums and other cultural institutions The Italian National Institute of Statistics conducts a census on Museums and Similar Institutions. The census is promoted by the Economic Development Bureau’s Department of Policies for Development, in collaboration with Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau, Italian Regions and Independent Provinces. Aim of the research is obtaining and releasing data on Museums and similar institutions as picture galleries, archaeological areas, monuments, and other standing structures opened to the public. The National Institute of Statistics gathers the data on non-national museums and similar structures, while data gathering of national museums and similar structures depends on Cultural Activities and Estate Italian Bureau. From 2012 edition, data gathering was carried out using a web questionnaire on the website: http://indata.istat.it. The research’s results are published on the Italian National Institute of Statistics’ website.

Data source(s) used: Air emissions reported in the Namea (National accounting matrix including environmental accounts) satellite account are calculated starting from the national emission inventory annually produced by Istituto Superiore per la Ricerca e la Protezione Ambientale (Ispra) and used for the Italian Communications within the framework of international conventions: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Unfccc) and the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (Clrtap). The relation between Namea emission totals and those totals calculated by Ispra within the mentioned international conventions is illustrated in the present note and the quantities involved are shown in the ‘Bridging items between NAMEA total and Unfccc/Clrtap total’.The remaining statistical discrepancies are mostly due to the use of more up-to-date data, kindly supplied by ISPRA, than those included in the last official communications.

Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).GDP and expenditure components: It shows among the resources gross domestic product at market prices and net imports; while the uses include final consumption and gross capital formation. Generation of income account: It shows the destination of domestic product (NDP) to compensation of employees and indirect taxes less subsidies. It allows to calcolate the operating surplus that corresponds to the income which the units obtain from their own use of their production facilities.

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.Gross value added at factor cost: Gross value added at factor cost is derived from GVA at basic prices by subtricting other taxes on production and adding other subsidies on production.Output: Output consists of the products created during the accounting period. Three types of output are distinguished: market output; output produced for own final use; other non-market output.Output at basic prices: Output is at basic prices when it is valued by subtricting taxes on products and including subsidies on products.Output at factor cost: Output at factor cost is valued by subtracting taxes and including subsidies.Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Provision for severance pay:amounts which the employer sets aside in a special fund and pays to the worker upon termination of employment due to retirement, change of job or dismissal. It is included in actual social contributions. Other subsidies on production(D39): Other subsidies on production consist of subsidies except subsidies on products which resident producer units may receive as a consequence of engaging in production.Other taxes on production: Other taxes on production consist of all taxes that enterprises incur as a result of engaging in production, independent of the quantity or value of the goods and services produced or sold. Household consumption: It consists of the expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad. It presents the final consumption expenditure of households broken down by the COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose) classification and by durability. Gross fixed capital formation: Gross fixed capital formation consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units.Consumption of fixed capital: Consumption of fixed capital represents the amount of fixed assets used up, during the period under consideration, as a result of normal wear and tear and foreseeable obsolescence, including a provision for losses of fixed assets as a result of accidental damage which can be insured against.Gross capital stock: Gross capital stock refers to the cumulative flow of volume investments, corrected for retirement. In the gross stock, assets are treated as new until they are retired: it is assumed that they retain their full productive capacity until removed from the stock.Net capital stock: Net capital stock is the sum of the written-down values of all the fixed assets still in use; it can also be described as the difference between gross capital stock and consumption of fixed capital.Per capita values: per capita values are average values obtained relating economic aggregates (e.g., GDP, Households final consumption expenditure, value added, compensation of employees)to the number of inhabitants or to the variables concerning labour inputs.

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.Gross value added at factor cost: Gross value added at factor cost is derived from GVA at basic prices by subtricting other taxes on production and adding other subsidies on production.Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Household consumption: It consists of the expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad. It presents the final consumption expenditure of households broken down by the COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose) classification and by durability. Gross fixed capital formation: Gross fixed capital formation consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units.Costs and margins by industryOutput deflator at factor costs: Is given by the ratio between the current price production at factor costs and the chain linked production (measured at factor costs) with reference year 2010. Input deflator at purchaser prices: Is given by the ratio between the current price intermediate costs (measured at purchaser prices) and the chain linked intermediate costs (measured at purchaser prices) with reference year 2010. Unit labour cost: Is given by the ratio between 'Compensation of employees' and production. Unit variable costs: Are given by the ratio between the sum of unit labour costs and intermediate consumption and production.Mark-up: Is given by the ratio between the output deflator and unit variable costs.

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Gross value added at basic prices: Gross value added at basic prices is output valued at basic prices less intermediate consumption valued at purchasers’ prices. The basic price is the amount receivable by the producer from the purchaser for a unit of a product or service minus any tax on the product plus any subsidy on the product.Gross value added at factor cost: Gross value added at factor cost is derived from GVA at basic prices by subtricting other taxes on production and adding other subsidies on production.Compensation of employees, wages and salaries and social security contributions:Compensation of employees (D1) is defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by an employer to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the accounting period. Compensation of employees is broken down into: wages and salaries (D11): wages and salaries in cash; wages and salaries in kind; employers’ social contributions (D12): employers’ actual social contributions (D121); employers’ imputed social contributions (D122).Household consumption: It consists of the expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad. It presents the final consumption expenditure of households broken down by the COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose) classification and by durability. Final consumption expenditure by general government It includes two categories of expenditures: a) The value of the goods and services produced by general government itself other than own-account capital formation and sales; b) Purchases by general government of goods and services produced by market producers that are supplied to households – without any transformation – as social transfers in kind. This implies that general government just pays for goods and services that the sellers provide to households. It provides a breakdown of government expenditure according to their function. To meet this end, economic flows of expenditure must be aggregated according to the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG).Gross fixed capital formation: Gross fixed capital formation consists of resident producers' acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets during a given period plus certain additions to the value of non-produced assets realised by the productive activity of producer or institutional units.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Household consumption: It consists of the expenditure, including expenditure whose value must be estimated indirectly, incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant and including consumption goods and services acquired abroad. It presents the final consumption expenditure of households broken down by the COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose) classification and by durability.

Sequence of Accounts, Quarterly, Italy Data source(s) used: Quarterly Sector Accounts (QSA): record all the activities, whether principal or secondary, of the institutional units. They present the whole set of non financial accounts, from the production account to the acquisitions of non-financial assets accounts on quarterly basis. For General Government sector, property income, other current transfers and capital transfers are consolidated. In addition to the set of accounts, a selection of indicators derived from QSA for Households (as Consumer too) and Non-financial Corporations is disseminated to allow a timely analysis of the behaviour of these sectors in the different phases of the economic cycle.

National Accounts: Sequence of Accounts, Italy Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).GDP and expenditure components: It shows among the resources gross domestic product at market prices and imports; while the uses include final consumption, gross capital formation and exports.Production accounts: It shows the transactions relating to the production process proper. Its resources include output and taxes less subsidies on products, and its uses include intermediate consumption. The balance of this account is value added at an aggregate level, it can be used to obtain GDP.Generation of income account: It shows the destination of domestic product (NDP) to compensation of employees and indirect taxes less subsidies. It allows to calcolate the operating surplus that corresponds to the income which the units obtain from their own use of their production facilities.Allocation of primary income account: It shows how to arrive to net national income. It lists under resources: operating surplus, national compensation of employees, indirect taxes paid to the rest of the world, taxes less subsidies on production and imports, capital transfer receivable from the rest of the world.Secondary distribution of income account: It records the operations of redistribution performed by taxes, contributions, social benefits and other transfers with the Rest of the world. It allows to calcolate national disposable income.Use of disposable income account It shows the allocation of national disposable income between national final consumption expenditure and net national saving.Capital account: It records acquisitions less disposals of non-financial assets (mainly gross capital formation), measuring the change in net worth due to saving and capital transfers. The balance of this account is net lending or borrowing.International transactions account: It records all operations of distribution and redistribution occurring between residents and non residents. It allows to obtain net lending or borrowing towards the rest of the world.

Data source(s) used: National materials' use accounts: Material flow satellite accounts provide, in accordance with the European Regulation on Environmental Accounting (691/2011), aggregated measures, by kind of material, of physical exchanges (in mass units) of the national socio-economic system with the natural system and the rest of the world.These accounts include all materials other than water and air. They are based on a complete and articulated database, that comprises and reconciles numerous sources of data on intakes of natural resources from the national territory, as well as all exchanges with the rest of the world.While intakes from National territory include – by definition – only natural resources, i.e. materials as they are in nature, exchanges with the rest of the world concern the whole range of material products, from raw materials to the most composite final products. There is therefore an important asymmetry between the two kinds of flows: in particular, it is necessary to keep in mind that “upstream” of internationally traded products there are great quantities of resources extracted from nature and transformed into residuals.The data, coherent with those provided by monetary national accounts, allow analysis of the material aspect of socio-economic metabolism, of sustainability of production and consumption, of decoupling between economic activity and environmental pressures and of resource productivity.The application of the residence principle implies the inclusion in the flows, as far as those with the rest of the world are concerned, next to imports and exports respectively, of products purchased abroad by resident units and of products purchased in Italy by non-resident units. In practice, this integration only concerns the most relevant of these flows, those of fuels.The indicators "Direct material input", "Domestic material consumption” and “Physical trade balance” describe, in a highly aggregated way, the direct use and the provenience of natural resources and products. Because of the asymmetry highlighted above, caution has to be put in the interpretation of these indicators in terms of resource consumption and environmental pressure, as their significance has to be evaluated according to the context and the objectives of the analysis. Initiatives are ongoing at the European as well as national level, in order to calculate data and indicators in “raw material equivalents”.All data are expressed in weight units (thousand tonnes).

Data source(s) used: Small and medium enterprise survey -SME (including professional and artistic activities):The sample survey on the small and medium enterprises (SME) covers the population of enterprises with 1 to 99 persons employed and answers to the request of SBS EU Council Regulation n. 58/97 (until the reference year 2007 in Nace Rev.1.1) and SBS EU Council Regulation n. 295/2008 (starting from the reference year 2008 in Nace Rev.2). The observation unit is the enterprise and the frame is represented by the Italian business register (Asia). The sampling design is a one stage stratified random sampling, with the strata defined by the combination of economic activity, size class of persons employed and administrative region. The main variables collected annually by an electronic questionnaire regard business competitivity, employment, personnel cost, investments. The data collected is treated with statistical procedures for assuring consistency and coherence and non-response technique, by integrating data from administrative sources. The estimation methodology is based on calibration, by using known totals from the business register (the number of the persons employed and enterprises).Survey on enterprise accounting system: The Survey on Economic and financial accounts of large enterprises covers all enterprises operating in Italy with at least 100 persons employed and concerns all enterprises of industrial and services sectors excluding financial services The survey collects data concerning profit-and-loss accounts and balance sheets and data about KAU (Kind of Activity Units) . Moreover, information regarding employment, investment and personnel costs are requested. The survey is carried out according to the normative guidelines of the EC Structural Business Statistics (SBS) Regulation N 295/2008. The questionnaires is electronic. Other data characteristics: Size class of persons employeed 0-1 and 2-9 are only for the areas of trade and services

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: New series of estimates on the resident population at NUTS-2 level for the 1/1/2002-1/1/2014 period: Not yet available Other data characteristics: statistical population on 1st January

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for the whole nation: It refers to households consumption within the national territory (both resident and non-resident households) and comprise all purchases of goods and services having an actual market price. It is used to measure inflation in Italy. Other data characteristics: In regard to provincial data, in some months and for some provincial capitals, the index can be not calculated due to the interruption of survey operations or the non abidance of the rules and the quality standards established by IstatSuch situation are marked with flag g

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for the whole nation: It refers to households consumption within the national territory (both resident and non-resident households) and comprise all purchases of goods and services having an actual market price. It is used to measure inflation in Italy.

Data source(s) used: Source: Unioncamere - Ministry of Labour, Excelsior Information SystemEvery year (since 1997) the Excelsior survey covers a sample of over 100 ,000 private enterprises operating in Italy (with at least one employee) and provides detailed information on the characteristics of the labour demand for the current year.The data available provide information about labour demand of enterprises in Italy and main characteristics (age, educational level, work experience, difficulty of enterprises in recruiting specific profiles, need for further training, etc.) of the professionals required.The Excelsior survey refers to a sample of enterprises up to 50 employees and consider instead the universe of enterprises with over 50 employees.For further details, please consult the publications "La domanda di fabbisogni di professione e di formazione nelle imprese italiane" available at: excelsior.unioncamere.net

Data source(s) used: Notary activity: The survey on notarial activity provides the number and the characteristics of the notarial deeds and of the agreements contained within them. The survey provides a comprehensive overview of notarial activity and a set of socio-economic information that is significant for the collectivity as a whole. The agreements stipulated by notaries are organized into groups to highlight the most significant phenomena. The survey is conducted each year by collecting data directly from the approximately 5,000 notaries in operation, and it is conducted in collaboration with the Central office of notarial archives and the National Council of notaries.

Data source(s) used: Institutional units belonging to the General Government sector: Based on ESA2010, the European System of Accounts, Istat has produced a list of the institutional units that form part of the General Government sector (Sector S13), whose accounts are counted as part of the General Government consolidated accounts.

Data source(s) used: OROS Survey (Employment, earnings and social security contributions): The Oros survey is aimed at producing quarterly indicators on gross wages, other labour costs and total labour cost for firms with at least one employee. To reduce the statistical burden on enterprises, Oros survey uses data from pre-existent statistical surveys and from administrative sources. Oros indicators are estimated by the integration of Social Security data (employers’ social contribution declarations to Inps, the Italian Social Security Institution) and monthly Large firms Survey data (LES). The Oros target population are enterprises and private institutions with employees that, in the reference quarter, have paid wages and salaries subjected to social contributions and classified in the sectors of industry (sections B to F of the Nace Rev. 2) and services (G to N of the Nace Rev. 2). Each quarter, Oros survey releases a provisional estimate on the current quarter and a final estimate related to the same quarter of the preceding year. The provisional estimate is released with a delay of about 70 days after the end of the reference period and can be revised for the next three quarters until the final estimate release, after 12 months. The final estimate is required to incorporate the new information available after the provisional estimate. The discrepancy between the preliminary estimate and the final one depends on many different factors: - quality and completeness of the final version of the administrative micro data improve with respect to the preliminary version; - the annual revision of the LES data referred to the previous year, included in the OROS estimates in the delivery of the first quarter; – updating of structural variables based on other external sources (e.g. Nace Rev. 2 economic activity classification and institutional nature, etc.); - occasional methodological revisions of the indicators’ estimate.

Data source(s) used: : INPSInstitute administrative archive

Data source(s) used: The English description of the source is not available at this time

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building.

Data source(s) used: INPSINPS’ administrative archives (F24, Emens)Workers who pay payroll taxes to the so called Gestione separata, that is the separate management fund under article 2, paragraph 26 of law n.335/1995, are called Parasubordinati workers. Workers paid by the voucher system (see) are not included here.The statistical unit is represented by a worker who had paid contributions for at least once during the year. We therefore consider only registered payroll taxes payer in the year. If the contributions are made by the worker, with the mechanism of advances and balances in the same terms for income tax payments, she or he is classified as "professional". If the contributions are made by the principal (natural person or legal entity) within the month following the payment of compensation, the worker is classified as a "collaborator. This distinction is therefore based on payroll taxes payment type.It is usual to define parasubordinati workers who have no other source of income (job or pension) as “esclusivi”; all others are called “concorrenti”, because for them the activity concurs to the formation of income. This distinction is therefore based on the activity type. Moreover, “concorrenti” only pay contributions for OADS type pensions (old age, disability and survivors) , while “esclusivi” pay even a special additional contribution to cover maternity benefits, family allowances and other. As an example we show off the values of year 2010: for “concorrenti” the rate is 16%, for “esclusivi” the rate is 26.72% (of which 0.72% is the special additional rate).

Data source(s) used: INPSINPS’ administrative archives (F24, Emens, central register on workers, central register pensioners)Workers who pay payroll taxes to the so called Gestione separata, that is the separate management fund under article 2, paragraph 26 of law n.335/1995, are called Parasubordinati workers.Workers paid by the voucher system (see) are not included here.The statistical unit is represented by a worker who had paid contributions for at least once during the year. We therefore consider only registered payroll taxes payer in the year. If the contributions are made by the worker, with the mechanism of advances and balances in the same terms for income tax payments, she or he is classified as "professional". If the contributions are made by the principal (natural person or legal entity) within the month following the payment of compensation, the worker is classified as a "collaborator. This distinction is therefore based on payroll taxes payment type.It is usual to define parasubordinati workers who have no other source of income (job or pension) as “esclusivi”; all others are called “concorrenti”, because for them the activity concurs to the formation of income. This distinction is therefore based on the activity type. Moreover, “concorrenti” only pay contributions for OADS type pensions (old age, disability and survivors) , while “esclusivi” pay even a special additional contribution to cover maternity benefits, family allowances and other. As an example we show off the values of year 2010: for “concorrenti” the rate is 16%, for “esclusivi” the rate is 26.72% (of which 0.72% is the special additional rate).Data are from INPS'archives of mobility, active positions, pensions and other. Further updates may also relate to previous periods.

Data source(s) used: INPSINPS’ administrative archives (F24, Emens)Workers who pay payroll taxes to the so called Gestione separata, that is the separate management fund under article 2, paragraph 26 of law n.335/1995, are called Parasubordinati workers. Workers paid by the voucher system (see) are not included here.The statistical unit is represented by a worker who had paid contributions for at least once during the year. We therefore consider only registered payroll taxes payer in the year. If the contributions are made by the worker, with the mechanism of advances and balances in the same terms for income tax payments, she or he is classified as "professional". If the contributions are made by the principal (natural person or legal entity) within the month following the payment of compensation, the worker is classified as a "collaborator. This distinction is therefore based on payroll taxes payment type.It is usual to define parasubordinati workers who have no other source of income (job or pension) as “esclusivi”; all others are called “concorrenti”, because for them the activity concurs to the formation of income. This distinction is therefore based on the activity type. Moreover, “concorrenti” only pay contributions for OADS type pensions (old age, disability and survivors) , while “esclusivi” pay even a special additional contribution to cover maternity benefits, family allowances and other. As an example we show off the values of year 2010: for “concorrenti” the rate is 16%, for “esclusivi” the rate is 26.72% (of which 0.72% is the special additional rate).

Data source(s) used: Participation rates in education and training are indicators adopted by the Lisbon Strategy, and subsequently reasserted in "Europe 2020", in order to define strategic objectives that are essential for creating sustainable economic growth, developing the labour market and increasing social cohesion.The source of "Participation rate in early childhood education" indicator is Eurostat ."Participation rates in education and training" are processing of data from Oecd for the cross-country indicator. For Italian regional figures the data source is Istat elaboration for UOE (Unesco, Oecd, Eurostat). The sources of "Participation rate in lifelong learning" and "Population aged 15 to 29 NEET (Not in education, employment or training)" indicators are: Eurostat, Labour force survey, for the cross-country indicators and Istat, Labour force survey, for the Italian regional indicators.

Data source(s) used: Statistics on social security and welfare. Beneficiaries of pension benefits:The Survey provides statistics on the number and on the retirement income of beneficiaries by type of pension

Data source(s) used: Statistics on social security and welfare - Pensions:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system Other data characteristics: Time Series Revision :The break in the time series is due to the revision of data from 2011 to 2013 referring to pensions paid to former civil servants and for civil disability pensions paid by Autonomous Province of Trento.

Data source(s) used: INPSCentral Register of pensioners The statistical information on social security benefits was produced by using the archive called Central Register of pensioners managed by INPS (the Italian National Institute for Social Security). This archive was established by D.P.R. (Presidential Decree) no. 1338 of December 31, 1971, amended by D.L. (Decree) n.352 of July 6, 1978 and law no.85 of March 22, 1995. The institutional aims of the Register are the collection, preservation and processing of data and information about pension beneficiaries covered of pensions by the mandatory general disability, old-age and survivors’ insurance, the mandatory social security systems replacing that insurance, the mandatory systems for the provision of pensions to freelancers, any other mandatory social security system and any other supplementary or additional pension; under Article 3 of the D.L. no. 352 of 1978, the Register must also provide for the collection and preservation of data and information about beneficiaries of pension benefits or welfare uninterrupted allowances of a welfare nature, war pensions, permanent disability income or survivors’ income for those who died because of an accident at work or an occupational disease. The statistical analysis unit used is pension, that means the recurring and continuous supply of money paid individually by Public and Private Authorities and Institutions when the following requirements are met: upon reaching a certain age and reaching a certain degree of creditable service; in case of lack or reduction in the ability to work because of congenital or supervened impairment or because of accident at work or wars; death of the beneficiary. The yearly amount of pensions is surveyed as at December 31 and is made of the following factors, gross of any possible withholding: basic amount, increase linked to the variations in the cost of living index and trends of wages, salaries, year-end bonuses and possible other allowances and arrears. The yearly amount of each pension is the product of the monthly amount of the pension paid as at December 31 of the year and the number of monthly payment for which the payment is provided. The pension expenditure that follows represents a stock datum, and therefore does not coincide with the pension expenditure derived from accounting data of institutions that have provided the benefits (economic data of the budget).

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Per capita values are average values obtained relating economic aggregates (e.g., GDP, Households final consumption expenditure, value added, compensation of employees)to the number of inhabitants or to the variables concerning labour inputs.

Data source(s) used: The 19th October 2011 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the most updated versions of the classification of economic activities (Ateco 2007, the national version of Nace Rev. 2) and of products by activity (CPA 2008). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy).Per capita values are average values obtained relating economic aggregates (e.g., GDP, Households final consumption expenditure, value added, compensation of employees)to the number of inhabitants or to the variables concerning labour inputs.

Data source(s) used: Processing of data on personnel working in the public and private healthcare system. Data are provided annually to international bodies (Eurostat, OECD, WHO) within the Joint Questionnaire on non-monetary health data. Sources:1) Medical specialists - Istat elaborations on IQVIA data (OneKey database) and on data of the Ministry of Health for general paediatricians (family paediatricians);2) General practitioners - Istat elaborations on IQVIA data (OneKey database) and on data of the Ministry of Health for general practitioners (family doctors);3) Dentists, Pharmacists, Nurses, Midwives - Istat elaborations on data of the Consortium Management of Health Professions

Data source(s) used: Persons convicted for crime with irrevocable judgement: Survey on convicted persons for felony and misdemeanor with irrevocable judgement, type of crimes and misdemeanors committed, main features of the convicted persons and of the sentence. Other data characteristics: The number of persons convicted by type of crime is calculated on the most serious crime committed. The number of convicted persons by final judgement and the number of crimes is available with reference to two types of classifications. An analytical classification including about 470 items of crime, and a synthetic one, where the individual items are hierarchically grouped in 130 items broadly reflecting the Titles, Books and Sections of the Italian Penal Code. The complementary legislation is organized grouping the type of crimes by subject. The analytical classification of the types of crimes committed is given only in Italian language, as many crimes present in the Italian legislation do not have an exact match in the laws of other Countries. The literal translation of this classification is not available because the meaning of the legal terms translated into English could lead to misleading interpretations. An international classification is not available yet.

Data source(s) used: Persons convicted for crime with irrevocable judgement: Survey on convicted persons for felony and misdemeanor with irrevocable judgement, type of crimes and misdemeanors committed, main features of the convicted persons and of the sentence. Other data characteristics: The number of persons convicted by type of crime is calculated on the most serious crime committed. The number of convicted persons by final judgement and the number of crimes is available with reference to two types of classifications. An analytical classification including about 470 items of crime, and a synthetic one, where the individual items are hierarchically grouped in 130 items broadly reflecting the Titles, Books and Sections of the Italian Penal Code. The complementary legislation is organized grouping the type of crimes by subject. The analytical classification of the types of crimes committed is given only in Italian language, as many crimes present in the Italian legislation do not have an exact match in the laws of other Countries. The literal translation of this classification is not available because the meaning of the legal terms translated into English could lead to misleading interpretations. An international classification is not available yet. "Number of concurrent crimes" means the total number of crimes committed by the convicted person. "1" means that the offender committed only one kind of crime. "2", "3", "4 and over" mean that, in addition to the most serious crime evident in the table, the offender committed other crimes.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: trips, holidays and daily life: Since 1997, Istat carries out the quarterly survey CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) "Trips and Holidays" on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the four quarters January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring quarter is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: trips, holidays and daily life: Since 1997, Istat carries out the quarterly survey CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) "Trips and Holidays" on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the four quarters January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring quarter is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. Other data characteristics: The quarterly data on the number of residents participating in tourism can not be added, as the same person may make trips in different quarters, hence the sum would lead to an overestimate of the number of people who made trips during the year.Annual average values ??are obtained as the average of the 4 quarters.

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building. Other data characteristics: The quarterly data on the number of residents participating in tourism can not be added, as the same person may make trips in different quarters, hence the sum would lead to an overestimate of the number of people who made trips during the year.Annual average values ??are obtained as the average of the 4 quarters. The quarterly data on people who made trips, starting from 2014, are detected by the CAPI survey "Trips and holidays". Consequently, they are not directly comparable to data until 2013, provided by another survey. The statistical back recalculation of this aggregate is not available .

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building. Other data characteristics: The annual data on people who went and didn’t’ go on holiday, starting from 2014, are detected by the CAPI survey "Trips and holidays". Consequently, they are not directly comparable to data until 2013, provided by another survey.

Data source(s) used: Survey on PhD graduates vocational integration The survey onPhD graduates vocational integration aims to analyze the vocational integration of university PhD graduates some years after graduation.

Data source(s) used: Survey on PhD graduates vocational integration The survey onPhD graduates vocational integration aims to analyze the vocational integration of university PhD graduates some years after graduation.

Data source(s) used: Survey on PhD graduates vocational integration The survey onPhD graduates vocational integration aims to analyze the vocational integration of university PhD graduates some years after graduation.

Data source(s) used: Survey on PhD graduates vocational integration The survey onPhD graduates vocational integration aims to analyze the vocational integration of university PhD graduates some years after graduation.

Data source(s) used: Survey on PhD graduates vocational integration The survey onPhD graduates vocational integration aims to analyze the vocational integration of university PhD graduates some years after graduation.

Data source(s) used: The main sources are the National Energy Balance and the IEA/Eurostat/UNECE Energy Questionnaires compiled by the Ministry of economic development (MISE). They are used jointly and complemented by other sources in order to ensure consistency with national economic accounts, to provide more accurate estimates of some aggregates, to ensure the compliance with the residence principle, to allow the breakdown by industry and type of use of energy flows measured by the PEFA. These sources are as follows:- Surveys on Foreign trade of Goods and Services, Survey on Air Transport, Production matrix at current prices, Agriculture economic accounts, Household consumption, produced by Istat; - Survey on international merchandise transport, Survey on international tourism by Bank of Italy;- Survey on Enterprises Final Consumption of Energy Products (COEN) carried out by Istat, ENEA and MISE;- Electricity balance and data on Consumption of electricity by type of activity produced by TERNA (Operator of electricity transmission grids);- Italian vehicle register provided by ACI (Italian automobile association);- Economic, energy and oil statistics produced by Unione Petrolifera;- Road freight transport measurement published on Eurostat datawarehouse;- Air emission inventory by ISPRA (Institute for Environmental Protection and Research). Other data characteristics: PEFA differ from other energy statistics, e.g. National energy balance, for the following characteristics:- the extension of the description of physical energy flows to flows between the natural environment and the economy. PEFA record, in fact, both the energy captured or extracted by economic units directly from natural energy inputs (flows from the environment into the economy), and the energy discarded, discharged or emitted to the environment (flows from the economy to the environment);- the compilation according to the residence principle. PEFA record all energy flows associated with activities of resident units, regardless where these activities actually take place geographically. Therefore, energy flows associated with resident unit's activities abroad have to be taken into account, e.g. the purchase of fuels abroad by resident units for international transport activities (maritime, air and land) and by households temporarily abroad using own or rented vehicles. Conversely, the energy flows associated with non-resident's activities on the territory have to be excluded, e.g. energy flows due to the purchase of fuels on Italian territory by non-resident units;- the use of the main conceptual categories of the economic analysis in conjunction with the technical categories. In particular, data are organized according to the concepts of accumulation, exchange with the rest of the world (import/export), production, intermediate consumption and final consumption of the national accounts, using, for the the producers, the same classification of economic activities used in the national accounts (NACE Rev. 2);- the use of the accounting framework of Supply and Use tables (SUTs) derived from national accounts. In PEFA, the SUT framework has been extended by additional rows and columns in order to accommodate physical flows between economy and environment. Furthermore, energy products are disaggregated in order to allow detailed analysis.: Terajoules.

Data source(s) used: Survey on plant protection products provided for agricultural use The survey took in all enterprises which distribute such products in Italy, for each province, either under their own brand or foreign brands. The main variables surveyed are quantity of plant protection product and quantity of the active substances distributed for each province. The term plant protection products indicates those products containing or comprised of substances intended for various uses, including protecting plants or plant products from harmful organisms, destroying unwanted plants or parts of plants. The term active substances refers to all substances which exert a general or specific action against harmful organisms or on plants or parts of them.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Since being introduced at the beginning of the 1950s, the survey has played a primary role in the statistical documentation and analysis of the employment situation in Italy and has proven to be an indispensable instrument of knowledge for public decision-makers, the media and citizens alike. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Absolute poverty: The ISTAT estimate of the absolute poverty defines as poor a household with a consumption expenditure lower or equal to the monetary value of a basket of goods and services considered as essential to avoid severe forms of social exclusion. The monetary value of the basket of absolute poverty is reviewed every year in the light of trend in prices and compared to the levels of spending on household consumption. To summarize information on different poverty aspects (spread, gravity) two indices are calculated. The first is the proportion of poors (incidence), that is the ratio between the number of households (individuals) in poverty and the number of resident households (individuals). The second is the mean poverty gap (intensity), measuring 'how poors are the poors', that is, in percentage terms, the difference between the mean consumption expenditures of poor households and the monetary value of the basket of absolute poverty. Since 2014, the data source of poverty estimates (the Household Budget Survey) has been completely reviewed. As a consequence, it has been necessary to reconstruct absolute poverty time series since 2005. Time comparisons between 2014 estimates and previously disseminated estimates can be made only using reconstructed data.Relative poverty: The ISTAT estimate of the relative poverty is based on a poverty line (International Standard of Poverty Line - ISPL) defining as poor a household of two components with a consumption expenditure level lower or equal to the mean per-capita consumption expenditure. To define the relative poverty line for different household sizes an equivalence scale is used (Carbonaro equivalence scale) to take into account different needs and economies/diseconomies of scale that can be achieved in bigger/smaller households. To summarize information on different poverty aspects (spread, gravity) two indices are calculated. The first is the proportion of poors (incidence), that is the ratio between the number of households (individuals) in poverty and the number of resident households (individuals). The second is the mean poverty gap (intensity), measuring 'how poors are the poors', that is, in percentage terms, the difference between the mean consumption expenditures of poor households and the poverty line. Since 2014, the data source of poverty estimates (the Household Budget Survey) has been completely reviewed. As a consequence, it has been necessary to reconstruct relative poverty time series since 1997. Time comparisons between 2014 estimates and previously disseminated estimates can be made only using reconstructed data. Other data characteristics: Absolute poverty thresholds: The values of monthly absolute poverty thresholds, for selected household typologies (detailed by number and age of components), by geographical area and municipality type, can be calculated at:

Data source(s) used: Pre-primary (public and private) school census: Data collected by Ministry of Education depicts consistency and characteristics of the pre-primary school, including the pupils enrolled and the school staff.

Data source(s) used: The English description of the source is not available at this time

Data source(s) used: Primary (public and private) school census: Data collected by Ministry of Education depicts consistency and characteristics of the primary school, including the students enrolled and the school staff.

Data source(s) used: Ministry of Justice - Department of Prison Other data characteristics: The sum of the crimes committed by prisoners is higher than the number of prisoners, because each prisoner can perpetrate different types of crime.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Reported crimes for which the Judicial authorities have started criminal proceedings and persons involved The survey uses data extracted from the archives of public prosecutors offices for adults and aims to produce statistics on criminal proceedings for which the prosecutors proceed to archiving or early prosecution. There has been information of persons under investigation ( age, gender, place of birth ) and the crimes ascribed to them (crimes or fines and place where the offense was committed ) according to an analytical classification or an aggregated classification of crimes.

Data source(s) used: Minors reported to the judicial system for crimes The survey uses data extracted from the archives of public prosecutors offices for minors and aims to produce statistics on criminal proceedings for which the prosecutors for minors ( under 18 ) proceed to archiving or early prosecution. There has been information of persons under investigation ( age, gender, place of birth ) and the crimes ascribed to them (crimes or fines and place where the offense was committed ) according to an analytical classification or an aggregated classification of crimes.

Data source(s) used: Official statistics relating to the national electricity sector were produced by the statistics office of Terna - Rete elettrica nazionale Spa. Since 1999 the energy services provider has supplied an overview of the renewable energy sources used in Italy . Energy from renewable sources is derived from non-fossil fuels and is classified into the following types: solar, wind, hydraulic, geothermal, biomass, wave and current produced energy.

Data source(s) used: On 4th October 2014 Istat released the new national accounts series consistent with the new European system of national and regional accounts (Esa2010) Manual. In conjunction with the introduction of the Esa2010 Manual, Italy as other Eu Member States proceeded to develop a comprehensive revision of the estimate of national accounts. The transition to a new version of accounting rules is also the most suitable time to introduce new methods of measurement and new data sources that have become available in recent years. This results in a significant change to the time series previously released. Productivity measures now released are based on new national accounts data. The revision of the data underlying the productivity statistics results in a revision to the previously published productivity series.Productivity measures allow assessing the contribution of factors that determine output growth. Such measurement is implemented in the framework of the sources of growth (or growth accounting) analysis, an analytical approach that allows to decompose the growth of output in the contributions of labour and capital input and a residual component, the so-called multifactor productivity.Multifactor productivity measures the contributions of technical progress not embodied in capital goods (e.g. factors such as innovations in the production process and organizational developments), improvements in the level of education and skills of employed and other factors such as business cycle, economies of scale, externalities and also measurement errors.Output is chain linked valued added at basic prices. Labour input is measured as total hours worked by all persons engaged in production (both employees and self-employed). Capital input is measured as the volume of capital services provided by the stocks of three categories of ICT assets (hardware, communication equipment and computer software), eight categories of tangible non-ICT assets (non-ICT machinery and equipment, furniture, road transport equipment, other transport equipment, livestock, tree and plant resources, construction works and ownership transfer costs) and three categories of intangible non-ICT assets (research and development, entertainment, artistic and literary originals and mineral explorations).Productivity measures are estimated using national accounts data released in accordance with NACE Rev.2 classification. Estimates are provided for 38, 21, 10 and 3 industries and for the total economy. Both industry level and aggregate estimates are calculated net of real estate activities, of activities of households, of activities of extraterritorial organizations and of all activities of the General government sector. In 2011 the above defined sector accounted for 70,4& of total value added and 83,0& of total hours worked.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data The survey collects environmental informations relating to the capital cities of the 110 Italian provinces. In addition to data collection for the reference year of the survey, the survey also allows the possibility of revising the statistical information collected in relation to previous years, in order to consolidate the time series already available (since 2000). The data collected also contributes to fuel the Environmental Monitoring on the cities, a database designed for the integrated management of statistical information relating to the main environmental issues in urban areas. The issues currently under investigation are: drinking water and water treatment, air quality, use of energy sources, collection and waste management, noise pollution, public transport, urban green, eco-friendly forms of planning, organization and management of local governments. Data and the statistical information derived from the survey, annually disclosed, represent an essential information tool to support the monitoring of the state of the urban environment and the activities undertaken by governments to ensure the good quality of the environment in cities.

Data source(s) used: Urban water census: Urban water census produces statistical information on urban water services provided to the community through a network of facilities spread throughout the country. In particular, the information collected includes: water abstraction for drinkable use, transport of drinking water, water supply system, sewage network, waste water treatment plants. The respondents are all water management companies operating in Italy. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, national data and data referred to geographical areas may not coincide with the total amount of data related to more disaggregate territorial levels.

Data source(s) used: Statistics on book production: The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Quarterly non-financial accounts for General Government: analyze the dynamics of the main public finance indicators. Moreover, the account gives information on the aggregates constituting general government expenditure (compensation of employees, intermediate consumption, social benefits, and interest) and revenue (taxes and social contribution).

Data source(s) used: Small and medium enterprise survey -SME (including professional and artistic activities):The sample survey on the small and medium enterprises (SME) covers the population of enterprises with 1 to 99 persons employed and answers to the request of SBS EU Council Regulation n. 58/97 (until the reference year 2007 in Nace Rev.1.1) and SBS EU Council Regulation n. 295/2008 (starting from the reference year 2008 in Nace Rev.2). The observation unit is the enterprise and the frame is represented by the Italian business register (Asia). The sampling design is a one stage stratified random sampling, with the strata defined by the combination of economic activity, size class of persons employed and administrative region. The main variables collected annually by an electronic questionnaire regard business competitivity, employment, personnel cost, investments. The data collected is treated with statistical procedures for assuring consistency and coherence and non-response technique, by integrating data from administrative sources. The estimation methodology is based on calibration, by using known totals from the business register (the number of the persons employed and enterprises).Survey on enterprise accounting system: The Survey on Economic and financial accounts of large enterprises covers all enterprises operating in Italy with at least 100 persons employed and concerns all enterprises of industrial and services sectors excluding financial services The survey collects data concerning profit-and-loss accounts and balance sheets and data about KAU (Kind of Activity Units) . Moreover, information regarding employment, investment and personnel costs are requested. The survey is carried out according to the normative guidelines of the EC Structural Business Statistics (SBS) Regulation N 295/2008. The questionnaires is electronic.

Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Labour input: the main definitions on labour inputs (ESA2010) concern persons employed, jobs and full time equivalent. In the system of national accounts, these concepts are defined on the base of economic territory and centre of interest. Labour inputs have to be classified on the base of the economic activity unit at local level and of the institutional unit. The Italian approach to the labour inputs estimates allows to calculate the jobs and the corresponding full time equivalent, that represent the transformation to full-time of jobs for different working categories (registered, unregistered, main, multiple) detectable by integrating and comparing different statistical sources or by using indirect estimating methods.

Data source(s) used: The 3th October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Labour input: the main definitions on labour inputs (ESA2010) concern persons employed, jobs and full time equivalent. In the system of national accounts, these concepts are defined on the base of economic territory and centre of interest. Labour inputs have to be classified on the base of the economic activity unit at local level and of the institutional unit. The Italian approach to the labour inputs estimates allows to calculate the jobs and the corresponding full time equivalent, that represent the transformation to full-time of jobs for different working categories (registered, unregistered, main, multiple) detectable by integrating and comparing different statistical sources or by using indirect estimating methods.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Analysis of absolute poverty: Based on the households budget survey data, on the consumption prices indices and on the changes in the regulations of goods and services availability, the monetary value of the absolute poverty basket is yearly updated. Its value is compared with the consumption expenditure levels of the sampled households in order to classify and estimate the number of absolutely poor households and their degree of absolute poverty Other data characteristics: On 15 July 2015, poverty estimates based on the new Italian HBS have been disseminated. Since the current survey has been completely renewed, these estimates cannot be compared to the ones present in this topic.

Data source(s) used: Urban environmental data:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Crimes reported to the Judicial authorities by the State Police, Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza:Are processed the data on felonies and people who were reported by police to the court Other data characteristics: The sum of the crimes by province could not coincide with the total of the region, and that of the regions with the total Italy, because of the missed precise statement, for some crimes, of the place where they have been committed (or of the region of the committed crime but not of the province).

Data source(s) used: Survey on Research and Development in enterprises The english description of the source is not available

Data source(s) used: Permits of stay to foreigners:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Migration and calculation of foreign resident population and structure by citizenship The survey allows the calculation of the demographic balance of the foreign resident population and gives the amount of foreign residents for each year. Foreign resident population is represented by individuals who do not have Italian citizenship having usual residence in Italy. It is calculated for each municipality on December 31st of each year that follows the population Census, adding to the foreign population enumerated by the census the foreign population inflows and outflows recorded during each calendar year Other data characteristics: The data may properly be placed in time-series considering, for the years before 2011, the series of demographic balances rebuilt on the basis of the results of the XV General Population and Housing Census, published in the data set "Reconstruction Intercensal.

Data source(s) used: Social Condition and Integration of Foreign Citizens: In 2011-2012 Istat conducted the first national sample survey on “Social Condition and Integration of Foreign Citizens” (SCIF). The SCIF survey aims at providing information on many features of socio-economic integration of migrants in Italy for a better understanding of resident foreign population.The sampling unit is the household with at least one component with foreign citizenship resident in Italy. In the SCIF survey, foreign citizens are identified by citizenship, not by the place of birth. Face-to-Face interviews have been conducted by CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing), on a sample of 9,553 households, for a total of 20,379 individuals with foreign citizenship.The survey data provides a framework on characteristics, behaviors, attitudes and opinions of the foreign citizens resident in Italy. Several aspects are detected: family composition, education, migratory path, employment status, discrimination, health conditions and accessibility of health services, migrant integration, citizen's security and victimization, housing conditions. The survey is included in the National Statistical Programme (NSP) which gathers the statistical investigations needed for the Country.

Data source(s) used: Migration and calculation of foreign resident population and structure by citizenship The survey allows the calculation of the demographic balance of the foreign resident population and gives the amount of foreign residents for each year. Foreign resident population is represented by individuals who do not have Italian citizenship having usual residence in Italy. It is calculated for each municipality on December 31st of each year that follows the population Census, adding to the foreign population enumerated by the census the foreign population inflows and outflows recorded during each calendar year Other data characteristics: Data subject to change for reconstruction after the last Population census

Data source(s) used: Municipal resident foreign population by sex and year of birth: The municipal resident foreigners by age and sex is yearly calculated on 31 December and spread on 1 January of the following year. Other data characteristics: Data for previous years are available in the Inter censuses estimates theme

Data source(s) used: Resident municipal population by age, sex and marital statusThe English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system Other data characteristics: Data for previous years are available in the Inter censuses estimates theme. A few data for the 2012-2017 years have been subjected to a statistical review.

Data source(s) used: Residential health care facilities:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Processing of hospital discharge data Since 1995 the Hospital discharge form became the ordinary instrument to gather information on every patient discharged (including patients died in hospitals) from public and private hospital in the national territory.

Data source(s) used: Processing of hospital discharge data Since 1995 the Hospital discharge form became the ordinary instrument to gather information on every patient discharged (including patients died in hospitals) from public and private hospital in the national territory.

Data source(s) used: Balance sheets of public bodies/institutions:Istat publishes data on balance sheets of public bodies/institutions (revenue)

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheets of agencies for the right to university study,Final balance sheet of provinces and metropolitan cities,Final balance sheet of municipalities,Final balance sheet of mountain communities,Final balance sheet of autonomous regions and provinces,Final balance sheet of union of municipalities,The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual systemBalance sheet of public and private bodies/institutions: This survey was previously named "Survey on final balance sheet of public bodies/institutions: provincial tourist boards and tourist promotion offices".

Data source(s) used: Survey on road accidents resulting in death or injury: the “road accidents survey” collects all road accidents resulting in death or injury, involving at least a vehicle circulating on the national road net and documented by a Police authority or military corps. The survey carried out by Istat, with the cooperation of ACI (Automobile Club of Italy) and other public national institutions, is an exhaustive and monthly based data collection (National Statistical Programme - PSN – 00142 code). The data collection system has been adapted to the local level organisation and needs. A flexible data flow model has been adopted by Istat, through the subscription of special agreements with Regions (NUTS2 level) and Provinces (NUTS3 level), to facilitate the local authorities information needs and to improve the timeliness and quality of data collected.

Data source(s) used: Survey on road accidents resulting in death or injury: the “road accidents survey” collects all road accidents resulting in death or injury, involving at least a vehicle circulating on the national road net and documented by a Police authority or military corps. The survey carried out by Istat, with the cooperation of ACI (Automobile Club of Italy) and other public national institutions, is an exhaustive and monthly based data collection (National Statistical Programme - PSN – 00142 code). The data collection system has been adapted to the local level organisation and needs. A flexible data flow model has been adopted by Istat, through the subscription of special agreements with Regions (NUTS2 level) and Provinces (NUTS3 level), to facilitate the local authorities information needs and to improve the timeliness and quality of data collected.

Data source(s) used: Road freight transportThe English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Road freight transportThe English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building.

Data source(s) used: Survey on integration of disable schoolmates in private and publich primary and upper secondary schools: The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Survey on integration of disable schoolmates in private and publich primary and upper secondary schools: The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Nowcast system for demographic indicators: Nowcast of the main statistical indicators aimed at studying the demographic trends of the population. In particular, as regards to fertility behaviour the crude birth rate and the total fertility rate are calculated; as regards to mortality behaviour the crude mortality rate and the life expectancy at birth and at age 65 are calculated; as regards migration behaviour the crude migration rates internal and whit abroad flows are estimated. Finally to get a picture of population ageing the main dependency rates are calculated Other data characteristics: Ageing index is the ratio of the population aged 65 and over and the younger population ( 0 -14 ) years

Data source(s) used: INPSArtisans and businessman: Institute amministrative archive.Farm businessman: registration forms submitted to INPS within 90 days from beginning of the activity

Data source(s) used: Separation of spouses: Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.Average duration of marriage is the difference, in completed years, between the date on which separation proceedings are filed and the date of marriage.

Data source(s) used: Separation of spouses: Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.

Data source(s) used: Separation of spouses: Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.Average duration of marriage is the difference, in completed years, between the date on which separation proceedings are filed and the date of marriage.

Data source(s) used: Separation of spouses: Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.Average duration of marriage is the difference, in completed years, between the date on which separation proceedings are filed and the date of marriage.

Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Annual Sector Accounts: record all the activities, whether principal or secondary, of the institutional units. They present the whole set of non financial accounts, from the production account to the acquisitions of non-financial assets accounts. For General Government sector, property income, other current transfers and capital transfers are consolidated.Non-financial assets by institutional sector:They estimate the value of the main non-financial assets held by households, by corporations and by general government. In particular they measure the value of buildings (dwellings and other), other non-financial assets tangible (machinery and equipment, transport equipment, ICT equipment, weapons systems) and intangible (mostly software and research and development) and land under cultivation. Not all Italian non-financial assets are included cause of lack of information (civil engineering structures, monuments and valuables). Starting from December 2017 edition non-financial assets include the value of inventories from data related to 2012.

Sequence of Accounts, Editions from Jul-2011 to Sep-2015, Annual, Italy Data source(s) used: The 3rd October 2014 Istat released the new annual series of national accounts based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010). At the same time, as in other European countries, the time series of national accounts have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources (e.g. the new balance of payments estimates issued by the Bank of Italy based on the new manual BPM6).Annual Sector Accounts: record all the activities, whether principal or secondary, of the institutional units. They present the whole set of non financial accounts, from the production account to the acquisitions of non-financial assets accounts. For General Government sector, property income, other current transfers and capital transfers are consolidated.

Data source(s) used: Quarterly Sector Accounts (QSA): record all the activities, whether principal or secondary, of the institutional units. They present the whole set of non financial accounts, from the production account to the acquisitions of non-financial assets accounts on quarterly basis. For General Government sector, property income, other current transfers and capital transfers are consolidated. In addition to the set of accounts, a selection of indicators derived from QSA for Households (as Consumer too) and Non-financial Corporations is disseminated to allow a timely analysis of the behaviour of these sectors in the different phases of the economic cycle.

Data source(s) used: Survey on integration of disable schoolmates in private and publich primary and lower secondary schools: The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Quarterly survey on services producer prices: Services Producer Price Indices (SPPIs) or Output Price Indices for Services measure quarterly changes in the prices paid for services provided by enterprises to other enterprises and Government. This means the SPPIs cover what are commonly known as business to business transactions, thus leaving out sales to consumers. The indices are chained based and are calculated according to Ateco 2007 classification (Italian edition of Nace Rev. 2) and EC Regulation n. 1158/05.

Data source(s) used: Data source: SICA Register : The statistical information about the Social Card was produced using the data of the SICA (Sistema Informativo Carta Acquisti) archive which has been set up in 2008, when the Social Card was introduced (Law Decree 25 June 2008, n. 112, art. 81). The statistical analysis unit used is the Social Card holder. The Social Card is a debit card which can be used either for grocery shopping or for domestic utilities (i.e. gas, electricity) payment. The ordinary one is granted to Italian citizens over 65 or children under 3 years old, who are in economic hardship condition. The Social Card is currently recharged by 80 euro every second month.From 2014 was introduced the new Social card (Experimental Social card), which provides a monthly contribution variable depending on the number of members of the household: 2 members (231 euro), 3 members (281 euro), 4 members (331 euro), 5 or more (404 euro). The requirements for the Experimental Social card are: be Italian or EU citizen or foreigner with a residence permit, resident in the municipality where he does the request at least 1 year;ISEE income less than or equal to 3,000 euro;for who is owner of the dwelling: value for ICI less than 30,000 euro;movable assets of less than 8,000 euro;any treatments economic for social security, welfare or indemnity under 600 euro monthly; not possess vehicles registered in the previous 12 months, or more than 1300cc cars or motorcycles above 250cc, registered in the last 36 months; in the family must have at least one component under 18; no member of the family must pay employment at the time of the request and at least one member must have lost jobs over the last 36 months, or at least one component must have a working relationship with income not over 4,000 euro in the six months before the request; preference will be given, being equal conditions to: families with housing problems, single parent with minor children, parents with children with disabilities, families with three or more children. The Social Card data are not updated from the second half of 2013 on, due to structural changes in the archives following the introduction of the Experimental Social Card.

Data source(s) used: Social protection accounts:Construction of the social protection accounts has the purpose to gather under one accounting structure the national accounts flows related to Secondary distribution of income account and Redistribution of income in kind account. In this way social protection encompasses interventions from public or private bodies on covering social benefits to households and their financing. Data on social protection expenditure are drawn up according to the European system of integrated social protection statistics (ESSPROS) methodology, as provided by the Council Regulation 458/2007, in line with the new European system of national accounts ESA 2010 (REG. EU No 549/2013), adopted by all member states of European Union since September 2014.The data are consistent with those disseminated in the last release of GDP and deficit of General Government.

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheet of social security funds:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheet of social security funds:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheet of social security funds:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheet of social security funds:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheet of social security funds:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Final balance sheet of social security funds:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Survey on social actions and services of single and associated municipalites: The survey collects annually information on social services managed by municipalities, so ensuring the monitoring of resources used and generated assets as part of the Integrated Network of local Social Services. The detection of the data is conduct in cooperation with the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), with different Regions and the autonomous provinces of Bolzano and Trento. Data are collected from 2003 through a computing platform accessible to all municipalities and associations involved in the management of the social services. From 2009 it was developed an additional module of the survey questionnaire, called "Questionnaire Day Nursery", to collect more detailed information on socio-educational services for early childhood than those available on all other social services.Warning on municipal dataIn Italy the management of social services is often held up by associative bodies for neighboring municipalities. Thus the disaggregation of data at the municipal level has required the introduction of an estimation component: the number of users, costs and the contribution paid by users includes both the activity of each municipality, both the additional shares arising from associative management of services. The data collected from associative bodies are distributed among the municipalities that belong to it in proportion to the reference population of the services.It should also be noted that there are other forms of association, less structured, which are not represented by the data at the municipal level. For example, through an agreement, a municipality that doesn’t have a day nursery may offer its residents the reception in a structure of a neighboring municipality. In this case, the data are contained entirely in the questionnaire of the owner of the service.

Data source(s) used: Survey on hospital discharges after miscarriage: In 1979 Istat, according to the law 194/78 on voluntary abortion, started two surveys: one on miscarriages and one on induced abortions. The first one collects data on miscarriages for which it is necessary the hospitalization of the woman, both in public or private hospitals. This means that the survey does not consider events in which there isn't any medical intervention or events that need only ambulatory care. Data are collected using an individual and anonymous form (Istat D.11) that contains information about the woman and her pregnancy, and about the abortion. The first ones contain: date of birth; place of birth and place of residence; citizenship; marital status; educational level; work status (a woman has a "not occupational status" if she is an housewife, or a student, or a retired person, or if she is looking for the first job. A woman has an "occupational status" if she is actually working or if she is unemployed e.g. she lost a previous job and she's looking for a new one); professional position; branch of economic activity; past reproductive history (number of live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, voluntary abortions); weeks of amenorrhea; recourse to assisted reproductive techniques. Information about the event are the following: date and place of miscarriage; cause, type of operation, type of anaesthesia; type of hospitalization; length of stay in hospital; complications. Other data characteristics: For more details see the following documents:

Data source(s) used: Survey on hospital discharges after miscarriage: In 1979 Istat, according to the law 194/78 on voluntary abortion, started two surveys: one on miscarriages and one on induced abortions. The first one collects data on miscarriages for which it is necessary the hospitalization of the woman, both in public or private hospitals. This means that the survey does not consider events in which there isn't any medical intervention or events that need only ambulatory care. Data are collected using an individual and anonymous form (Istat D.11) that contains information about the woman and her pregnancy, and about the abortion. The first ones contain: date of birth; place of birth and place of residence; citizenship; marital status; educational level; work status (a woman has a "not occupational status" if she is an housewife, or a student, or a retired person, or if she is looking for the first job. A woman has an "occupational status" if she is actually working or if she is unemployed e.g. she lost a previous job and she's looking for a new one); professional position; branch of economic activity; past reproductive history (number of live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, voluntary abortions); weeks of amenorrhea; recourse to assisted reproductive techniques. Information about the event are the following: date and place of miscarriage; cause, type of operation, type of anaesthesia; type of hospitalization; length of stay in hospital; complications. Other data characteristics: For more details see the following documents:

Data source(s) used: Survey on hospital discharges after miscarriage: In 1979 Istat, according to the law 194/78 on voluntary abortion, started two surveys: one on miscarriages and one on induced abortions. The first one collects data on miscarriages for which it is necessary the hospitalization of the woman, both in public or private hospitals. This means that the survey does not consider events in which there isn't any medical intervention or events that need only ambulatory care. Data are collected using an individual and anonymous form (Istat D.11) that contains information about the woman and her pregnancy, and about the abortion. The first ones contain: date of birth; place of birth and place of residence; citizenship; marital status; educational level; work status (a woman has a "not occupational status" if she is an housewife, or a student, or a retired person, or if she is looking for the first job. A woman has an "occupational status" if she is actually working or if she is unemployed e.g. she lost a previous job and she's looking for a new one); professional position; branch of economic activity; past reproductive history (number of live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, voluntary abortions); weeks of amenorrhea; recourse to assisted reproductive techniques. Information about the event are the following: date and place of miscarriage; cause, type of operation, type of anaesthesia; type of hospitalization; length of stay in hospital; complications. Other data characteristics: For more details see the following documents:

Data source(s) used: Marriages: The survey on marriages, was established in 1926. It's an individual and exhaustive survey, which collects the data of all the marriages celebrated in Italy and the socio-demographic characteristics of the spouses.The survey uses the Istat D.3 model, compiled by the officer of the municipality where the marriage was celebrated. The model is divided into two parts: the first one collects the information about the marriage: the date, the rite of celebration (religious or civil), and the common property regime chosen by the couple (joint or separated ownership of property); the second one collects information about the spouses: date of birth, place of birth, place of residence at the time of marriage, future place of residence of the spouses, marital status, level of education, occupational status, position in the profession, branch of economic activity, citizenship. Other data characteristics: The indicators that do not involve the use of the population (civil weddings - percentage values, joint ownership of property - percentages, marriages with at least one foreign spouse - percentages, second or later marriages - percentages) were calculated according to three different territorial classification:- According to the classification in force in 2017 (107 provinces);- According to the classification in force at the time of the Census of 2011 (110 provinces);- According to the classification in force in the year in which the marriage was celebrated, in the event that was different from that of 2017 and of the Census of 2011 (103 provinces for 2004 and 2005, 107 provinces for the years ranging from 2006 to 2009).

Data source(s) used: Marriages: The survey on marriages, was established in 1926. It's an individual and exhaustive survey, which collects the data of all the marriages celebrated in Italy and the socio-demographic characteristics of the spouses.The survey uses the Istat D.3 model, compiled by the officer of the municipality where the marriage was celebrated. The model is divided into two parts: the first one collects the information about the marriage: the date, the rite of celebration (religious or civil), and the common property regime chosen by the couple (joint or separated ownership of property); the second one collects information about the spouses: date of birth, place of birth, place of residence at the time of marriage, future place of residence of the spouses, marital status, level of education, occupational status, position in the profession, branch of economic activity, citizenship. Other data characteristics: The indicators that do not involve the use of the population (civil weddings - percentage values, joint ownership of property - percentages, marriages with at least one foreign spouse - percentages, second or later marriages - percentages) were calculated according to three different territorial classification:- According to the classification in force in 2017 (107 provinces);- According to the classification in force at the time of the Census of 2011 (110 provinces);- According to the classification in force in the year in which the marriage was celebrated, in the event that was different from that of 2017 and of the Census of 2011 (103 provinces for 2004 and 2005, 107 provinces for the years ranging from 2006 to 2009).

Data source(s) used: Marriages: The survey on marriages, was established in 1926. It's an individual and exhaustive survey, which collects the data of all the marriages celebrated in Italy and the socio-demographic characteristics of the spouses.The survey uses the Istat D.3 model, compiled by the officer of the municipality where the marriage was celebrated. The model is divided into two parts: the first one collects the information about the marriage: the date, the rite of celebration (religious or civil), and the common property regime chosen by the couple (joint or separated ownership of property); the second one collects information about the spouses: date of birth, place of birth, place of residence at the time of marriage, future place of residence of the spouses, marital status, level of education, occupational status, position in the profession, branch of economic activity, citizenship. Other data characteristics: The indicators that do not involve the use of the population (civil weddings - percentage values, joint ownership of property - percentages, marriages with at least one foreign spouse - percentages, second or later marriages - percentages) were calculated according to three different territorial classification:- According to the classification in force in 2017 (107 provinces);- According to the classification in force at the time of the Census of 2011 (110 provinces);- According to the classification in force in the year in which the marriage was celebrated, in the event that was different from that of 2017 and of the Census of 2011 (103 provinces for 2004 and 2005, 107 provinces for the years ranging from 2006 to 2009).

Data source(s) used: Processing and analysis of indicators on cultural institutions and activities: The process regards the treatment of statistical data from previous surveys and / or statistical processing of sectoral interest for the production of indicators and issues related to spatial tables in different domains for cultural sector (publishing, heritage library, archival, museum, performing arts, media, etc..) whose sources are represented by entities Sistan and non Sistan respect to distribution and use of cultural production.

Data source(s) used: Processing and analysis of indicators on cultural institutions and activities: The process regards the treatment of statistical data from previous surveys and / or statistical processing of sectoral interest for the production of indicators and issues related to spatial tables in different domains for cultural sector (publishing, heritage library, archival, museum, performing arts, media, etc..) whose sources are represented by entities Sistan and non Sistan respect to distribution and use of cultural production.

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death:The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation.Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4 and D.4 bis.The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B). Other data characteristics: Deaths of people 15 years old and more, with suicides and intentional self-harm codes in the death certificates as underlying cause of death and/or multiple causes of death.The list of causes considered in comorbidity was obtained through a selection of non-traumatic causes of death reported on the death certificate, excluding less informative conditions, and those conditions that represent mechanisms of deaths and consequences of the injury rather than underlying diseases.The totals of the variables "mental diseases" and "physical diseases" may not coincide with the sum of the individual items because each dead may have had several pathologies.For more details consult the "related files" ("Export" section).

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC): Eu-Silc is expected to become the EU reference source for comparative statistics on income distribution and social exclusion at European level, particularly in the context of the "Programme of Community action to encourage cooperation between Member States to combat social exclusion" and for producing structural indicators on social cohesion for the annual spring report to the European Council. The survey is carried out yearly, and provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal information. A rotational sample design is used. The use of 4 rotational groups allows to follow households up to four years. Household and individual characteristics are collected at the time of the interview, expenses refer to the last 12 months, while income reference period is usually the previous calendar year. Other data characteristics: Data is defined not significant when sample size is between 20 and 49 units.The current data differ from the previous ones following the update of the reference populations according to census results.The released data for 2008 were revised in 2018 after a correction of the carryover universe coefficients.The main source of income has been updated compared to the previous data and has been calculated on income that includes among the components the value of meal vouchers, the value of non-monetary fringe benefits (with the exception of the company car already previously considered), self-consumption (goods produced and consumed by the family) and supplementary pensions.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: time use The Time Use Survey falls within the System of Multipurpose Surveys on households. The main peculiarity of this survey is that by filling in a daily diary it’s possible to learn about the way in which each respondent allocates 24 hours (divided into 10 minute intervals) between the various daily activities, travel, places visited and people with which spends time. This survey is considered strategic for the knowledge of the organization of the lifetimes of the population in terms of gender, as it allows the study of gender roles in society and in the household. For this reason Italian lawmakers even decided to include an article in the Law n. 53 of 2000, which states: “The National Institute of Statistics (Istat) is to ensure, every five year, an informative flow on the population’s organization of the life times by means of the Time Use Survey, desegregating the information by gender and age”.

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building. Other data characteristics: The time comparison between the estimates published since 2014 and the estimates published previously is feasible using only the data in the cube "Trips and overnight stays – Statistical back recalculation 1997-2013". In fact, the transition to the new Trips and Holidays Survey, integrated into the new Household and Budget Survey, has entailed a major innovation of the entire production process. In particular, changes were made in the data-collection technique (from telephone interviews to face-to-face interviews aided by a personal computer), in the reference period of the questions on trips and same-day visits (month instead of quarter) and in the sample size. In addition, methodological improvements included the representation of the population by the sample extract (the extraction of the sample households is from the municipal registry lists instead of the lists of subscribers to fixed telephony, as did the previous survey). An inevitable consequence of these changes was the interruption in the continuity of the time series of the main aggregates relating to trips and overnight stays. However, the old and the new survey were carried on simultaneously from the third quarter of 2012 and throughout 2013. So, it was possible to carry out the recalculation of the main series, through the study of the relationship between the data of the two surveys and the application of reconstruction techniques of time series already consolidated in our Institute. The reconstruction also includes the recalculation due to the availability of the new data on population, following the results of the Census of 2011 (which led to a revision of the estimates registries).

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building.

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building.

Data source(s) used: Multipurpose survey on households: trips, holidays and daily life: Since 1997, Istat carries out the quarterly survey CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) "Trips and Holidays" on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the four quarters January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring quarter is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc.

Data source(s) used: Trips and holidays survey: The survey, in accordance with the European Regulation 692/2011 (repealing from 1 January 2012 the European Directive 95/57/EC), satisfies the national needs by collecting regularly data on 'tourism demand' and ensuring, together with supply data, the availability of an integrated system of statistical information in the field of tourism at national level. Moreover, complying with the Regulation, the survey guaranties a set of harmonized statistical information across all member states of the European Union. The aim is to quantify and analyze the flows of tourists resident in Italy, both within the country and abroad, as well as to give information on the characteristics of the trips and on the socio-demographic characteristics of tourists and non-tourists. The reference periods are the all months of the year. In each period, for each household member, information about trips ended in the referring month is collected. Tourism flows are distinguished into trips for personal reasons and business trips, the first ones differentiated between short holiday (1-3 overnight stays) and long holiday trips (4 or more overnight stays). The survey provides a wide set of information on tourist trips, such as destination of the trip, main purpose, type of organization of travel, main type of accommodation and main mean of transport, duration and period of the year for each trips made, etc. From 1997 to 2013, Istat carried out the quarterly survey with CATI tecnique (Computer Assisted Telephone Interview) on a sample of about 14,000 households per year (approximately 3,500 per quarter and 32,000 individuals per year). Since 2014 the survey has been included into another process, Household budget survey, becoming a focus into the initial and ending interview. It is conducted monthly with CAPI technique (Computer Assisted Personal Interview), over a theory sample of 28.000 households (7.000 households per quarter). Comparability of the series of the main data has been guaranteed over time at national level. In fact, the principal macrodata have been re-built by applaying a tecnique of time series re-building.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.